1774
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 17th century – 18th century – 19th century |
| Decades: | 1740s 1750s 1760s – 1770s – 1780s 1790s 1800s |
| Years: | 1771 1772 1773 – 1774 – 1775 1776 1777 |
| 1774 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology – Architecture – |
| Art – Literature (Poetry) – Music – Science |
| Countries: |
| Leaders: State leaders – Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Births – Deaths – Works |
Chesma Column in Tsarskoe Selo, commemorating the end of the Russo-Turkish War.
Year 1774 (MDCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar).
Contents |
Events of 1774
January–June
- January 21 – Mustafa III, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire dies and is succeeded by his brother Abd-ul-Hamid I.
- January 27 – An angry crowd in America seizes a British customs collector and then tars and feathers him.
- March 31 – Intolerable Acts: The British Parliament passes the Boston Port Act, closing the port of Boston, Massachusetts as punishment for the Boston Tea Party.
- April 17 – The first avowedly Unitarian congregation, Essex Street Chapel, is founded in London by Theophilus Lindsey.
- May 10 – Louis XVI becomes King of France following the death of his grandfather, Louis XV.
- June 2 – Intolerable Acts: A new Quartering Act, requiring American colonists to provide better housing for British soldiers upon demand, is passed.
July–December
- July 21 – Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774): Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji with Russian victory, ending six years of war. The treaty does give Russia the right to intervene in Ottoman politics to protect its Christian subjects.
- 1 August – The element oxygen is discovered for the third (and last) time – the second quantitatively following the somewhat earlier work of Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1771–1772) – by Joseph Priestley, who publishes the fact in 1775 and so names the element and usually gets all the credit.
- September 5 – The First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- September 21 – George Mason and George Washington found the Fairfax County Militia Association, a military unit independent of British control.
- October 10 – Dunmore's War – Battle of Point Pleasant: Cornstalk is forced to make peace with Dunmore at the Treaty of Camp Charlotte, ceding Shawnee land claims south of the Ohio (modern Kentucky) to Virginia.
- October 21 – The word "justice" is first displayed on a flag raised by colonists in Taunton, Massachusetts, in defiance of British rule in Colonial America.
Undated
- The British pass the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America.
- To avoid severe flooding, Martinsborough, North Carolina is moved to higher ground 3 miles (4.8 km) west. The North Carolina General Assembly incorporates Martinsborough as the new county seat of Pitt County, 3 years after its founding.
- German cobbler Johann Birkenstock creates the first Birkenstock sandals.
Ongoing events
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1774 MDCCLXXIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2527 |
| Armenian calendar | 1223 ԹՎ ՌՄԻԳ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -70 – -69 |
| Bengali calendar | 1181 |
| Berber calendar | 2724 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2318 |
| Burmese calendar | 1136 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7282 – 7283 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸巳年十一月十九日 (4410/4470-11-19) — to —
甲午年十一月廿九日(4411/4471-11-29) |
| Coptic calendar | 1490 – 1491 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1766 – 1767 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5534 – 5535 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Bikram Samwat | 1830 – 1831 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1696 – 1697 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4875 – 4876 |
| Holocene calendar | 11774 |
| Iranian calendar | 1152 – 1153 |
| Islamic calendar | 1187 – 1188 |
| Japanese calendar | An'ei 3 (安永3年) |
| Korean calendar | 4107 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2317 |
- February 11 – Hans Jarta, Swedish political activist and administrator (d. 1847)
- February 24 – Prince Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge (d. 1850)
- March 9 – Mayhew Folger, whaler, captain of Topaz (ship), rediscovered Pitcairn Islands in 1808 (d. 1828)
- March 16 – Captain Matthew Flinders, English explorer (d. 1814)
- July 20 – Auguste Marmont, French marshal (d. 1852)
- August 12 – Robert Southey, English poet and biographer (d. 1843)
- August 18 – Meriwether Lewis, American explorer, soldier and public administrator (d. 1809)
- August 28 – Elizabeth Ann Seton, co-founder of Mount Saint Mary's University, founder of the Sisters of Charity (d. 1821)
- September 5 – Caspar David Friedrich, German artist (d. 1840)
- September 26 – Johnny Appleseed (John Chapman), nurseryman/missionary planted apple-tree nurseries in Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois (d. 1847)
- date unknown – Sergei Nikolayevich Glinka – Russian author, brother of Fedor Nikolaevich Glinka (d. 1847)
- date unknown – Lalon Fakir – Undivided Indian Mystic, song composer who influenced Rabindranath Tagore (d. 1890)
Deaths
- January 21 – Mustafa III, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1717)
- January 30 – Frantisek Ignac Antonin Tuma, Czech composer (b. 1704)
- February 4 – Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (b. 1701)
- February 10 – Florian Leopold Gassmann, German composer (b. 1729)
- April 4 – Oliver Goldsmith, English writer (b. 1730)
- May 4 – Anthony Ulrich II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1714)
- May 10 – King Louis XV of France (b. 1710)
- July 1 – Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English statesman (b. 1705)
- July 11 – Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Irish-born New York pioneer
- July 14 – James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley and Kilmaine, British field marshal (b. 1682)
- August 11 – Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer (b. 1722)
- August 14 – Johann Jakob Reiske, German scholar and physician (b. 1716)
- August 25 – Niccolò Jommelli, Italian composer (b. 1714)
- September 22 – Pope Clement XIV (b. 1705)
- September 25 – John Bradstreet, Canadian-born soldier (b. 1714)
- October 16 – Robert Fergusson, Scottish poet (b. 1750)
- October 23 – Michel Benoist, French Jesuit missionary and scientist (b. 1715)
- October 26 – Roemer Vlacq II, Dutch vice-admiral (b. 1712)
- November 22 – Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, British general and statesman (b. 1725)
- December 2 – Johann Friedrich Agricola, German composer (b. 1720)
- December 16 – François Quesnay, French economist (b. 1694)