1347

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries: 13th century – 14th century – 15th century
Decades: 1310s  1320s  1330s  – 1340s –  1350s  1360s  1370s
Years: 1344 1345 1346 – 1347 – 1348 1349 1350
1347 in topic:
Subjects:     Archaeology – Architecture –
Art – Literature – Music – Science
Leaders:   State leaders – Colonial governors
Category: Establishments – Disestablishments
Births – Deaths – Works

The year 1347 (MCCCXLVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Contents

Timeline of events

Asia

Western Asia

The Mamluke Empire was hit by the plague in the autumn.[1] Baghdad was hit in the same year.[2]

Central and East Asia

After years of resistance against the Delhi Sultan Muhammud bin Tughluq, the Bahmani Kingdom, a Muslim Sultanate in Deccan, was established on August 3, when King Ala-ud-din Hasan Bahman Shah was crowned in a mosque in Daulatabad.[3] Later in the year, the Kingdom's capital was moved from Daulatabad to the more central Gulbarga.[4][5] Southeast Asia suffered a drought which dried up an important river which ran through the capital city of the Kingdom of Ayodhya, forcing the King to move the capital to a new location on the Lop Buri River.[6]

Europe

Eastern and Scandinavian

Illustration of the Black Death from the Toggenburg Bible (1411).

On 2 February the Byzantine Empire's civil war between John VI Kantakouzenos and the regency ended with John VI entering Constantinople. On 8 February, an agreement was concluded with the empress Anna of Savoy, whereby he and John V Palaiologos would rule jointly. The agreement was finalized in May when John V married Kantakouzenos' 15-year-old daughter. The war had come at a high cost economically and territorially, and much of the Empire was in need of rebuilding.[7] To make matters worse, in May Genoese ships fleeing the Black Death in Kaffa stopped in Constantinople. The plague soon spread from their ships to the city.[8] By autumn, the epidemic had spread throughout the Balkans, possibly through contact with Venetian ports along the Adriatic Sea.[9] Specific cases were recorded in the northern Balkans on 25 December, in the city of Split.[10]

Jews were first accused of ritual murders in Poland in 1347.[11] Casimir III of Poland issues Poland's first codified collection of laws after the diet of Wiślica. Separate laws are codified for greater and lesser Poland.[12][13]

Central

On 20 May Cola di Rienzo, a Roman commoner, declared himself Emperor of Rome in front of a huge crowd in response to what had been several years of power struggles among the upper-class barony. Pope Clement VI, along with several of Rome's upper-class nobility, united to drive him out of the city in November.[14] In October, Genoese ships arrived in southern Italy with the Black Plague, beginning the spread of the disease in the region.[8][15]

Western Europe

In the continuing Hundred Years' War, the English won the city of Calais in a treaty signed in September. In a meeting with the Estates General in November, the French King Phillip was told that in the recent war efforts they had "lost all and gained nothing."[16] Phillip, however, was granted a portion of the money he requested and was able to continue his war effort.[17] The English King Edward offered Calais a package of economic boosts which would make Calais the key city connecting England with France economically.[18] Edward returned to England at that height of his popularity and power and for six months celebrated his successes with others in the English nobility. Although the Kingdom's funds were largely pushed towards the war, building projects among the more wealthy continued, with, for example, the completion of Pembroke College in this year.[17]

The French city of Marseilles recognized the plague on 1 September and by 1 November it had spread to Aix-en-Provence. The earliest recorded invasion of the plague into Spanish territory was in Majorca in December 1347, probably through commercial ships.[10]. 3 years of Plague began in England.[19]

1347 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1347
MCCCXLVII
Ab urbe condita 2100
Armenian calendar 796
ԹՎ ՉՂԶ
Bahá'í calendar -497 – -496
Bengali calendar 754
Berber calendar 2297
Buddhist calendar 1891
Burmese calendar 709
Byzantine calendar 6855 – 6856
Chinese calendar 丙戌年十一月二十日
(3983/4043-11-20)
— to —
丁亥年十一月廿九日
(3984/4044-11-29)
Coptic calendar 1063 – 1064
Ethiopian calendar 1339 – 1340
Hebrew calendar 5107 – 5108
Hindu calendars
 - Bikram Samwat 1403 – 1404
 - Shaka Samvat 1269 – 1270
 - Kali Yuga 4448 – 4449
Holocene calendar 11347
Iranian calendar 725 – 726
Islamic calendar 747 – 748
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar 3680
Thai solar calendar 1890

Births

Deaths

References

  1. ↑ Watts, Sheldon. Epidemics and History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999. ISBN 0300080875 pp. 25–26
  2. ↑ Miller, Edward. The Cambridge Economic History of Europe. Cambridge: U.P, 1987. ISBN 0521087090 pp. 461
  3. ↑ History of Bahmani Dynasty
  4. ↑ ISBN 0761476350 pp. 335
  5. ↑ Britannica, Encyclopedia et.al. Students' Britannica India. New Delhi: Encyclopaedia Britannica (India), 2000. ISBN 0852297602 pp. 149
  6. ↑ Van Beek, Steve and Luca Invernizzi. The Arts of Thailand. Berkeley: Periplus Editions, 1999. ISBN 9625932623 pp. 139
  7. ↑ Mango, Cyril. The Oxford History of Byzantium. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 2002. ISBN 0198140983 pp. 267
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Benedictow, Ole and Ole Benedictow. The Black Death, 1346-1353. Ipswich: Boydell Press, 2004. ISBN 0851159435 pp. 51–54
  9. ↑ Benedictow, Ole and Ole Benedictow. The Black Death, 1346-1353. Ipswich: Boydell Press, 2004. ISBN 0851159435 pp. 74
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Benedictow, Ole and Ole Benedictow. The Black Death, 1346-1353. Ipswich: Boydell Press, 2004. ISBN 0851159435 pp. 75
  11. ↑ Weinryb, Bernard. The Jews of Poland. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1973. ISBN 082760016X pp. 27
  12. ↑ Fisher, HH. America and the New Poland. City: Fisher Press, 2007. ISBN 1406750840 pp. xv
  13. ↑ Morfill, William. Poland. London: T. F. Unwin, 1893. ISBN 0836999193 pp. 42
  14. ↑ Garwood, Duncan. Lonely Planet Rome: City Guides. Hawthorn: Lonely Planet Publications, 2006. ISBN 1740597109 pp. 70
  15. ↑ Corporation, Marshall. Exploring the Middle Ages. New York (Box 410: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 2006. ISBN 0761476156 pp. 99
  16. ↑ Fraioli, Deborah. Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2005. ISBN 0313324581 pp. 106
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Neillands, Robin. The Hundred Years War. New York: Routledge, 1990. ISBN 0415071496 pp. 109–110
  18. ↑ Corfis, Ivy and Michael Wolfe. The Medieval City under Siege. Ipswich: Boydell Press, 1999. ISBN 0851157564 pp. 55
  19. ↑ Stratton, J.M. (1969). Agricultural Records. John Baker. ISBN 0-212-97022-4.