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![]() The Main Page of Uncyclopedia retrieved 1 January 2010. |
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URL | http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/ |
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Slogan | The content-free encyclopedia that anyone can edit |
Type of site | Satirical wiki |
Registration | Optional (Registered users will have more access) |
Owner | Wikia (English-language version) |
Created by | Jonathan Huang and "Stillwaters" |
Launched | January 5, 2005 |
Current status | Active |
Uncyclopedia ("the content-free encyclopedia") is a website that parodies Wikipedia. It was founded in 2005.[1] Originally an English-language wiki, the project currently spans over 50 languages. The English version has over 25,000 pages of content, second only to the Portuguese Desciclopédia, which has over 26,000 pages of content.[2]
Various styles of humour are used as a vehicle for parody, from sophisticated satire to crude sarcasm to the apparently random. Like Wikipedia, Uncyclopedia has guidelines regarding what is and is not acceptable content and these guidelines have become progressively more strict as the site expands over time. The site has gained media attention because of its articles on places and people.
Its logo, a hollow potato named Sophia after the Gnostic deity serves as a parody of Wikipedia's globe logo.[3]
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Uncyclopedia was launched on January 5, 2005, by Jonathan Huang, known online as "Chronarion",[4] and a pseudonymous partner called "Stillwaters".[3] Though it started as an independent project, Uncyclopedia quickly outgrew its original webhost, leading Huang to search for a new host. On May 26, 2005, Angela Beesley, Vice President of Wikia, Inc., announced that Wikia would host Uncyclopedia.[5] On July 10, 2006, Huang transferred ownership of the Uncyclopedia.org domain name to Wikia. The majority of Uncyclopedia-related projects in other languages remain hosted under their own localised names, either as fully independent domains or as subdomains of Wikia.com.[2]
Approximately half of the Uncyclopedia collection is hosted by Wikia;[4] there are also six dedicated non-Wikia servers which host "Uncyclopedia Babel" project content in various languages. To coordinate these projects (collectively, the "Uncyclomedia Babble Project") an Un-Meta wiki was created in 2006.[6]
The site has caused controversy due to its articles on towns and places and its similarity to Wikipedia, which led to a warning being issued by the Malaysian Internal Security Ministry.[7]
Uncyclopedia's content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 license.[4] As with other Wikia sites, the full article database is freely available for online download.[8] As of 2010, the English-language Uncyclopedia contains over 25,000 articles, making it one of the largest Wikia-hosted wikis.[9][10] It also has the most active users of any Wikia wiki as of February 2008, with over 200 more users than FFXIclopedia, the runner-up.[11] Many Uncyclopedia articles will link to a corresponding Wikipedia article with a suggestion such as "For those without comedic tastes, the so-called experts at Wikipedia have an article about......". Uncyclopedia's article about Wikipedia claims that Wikipedia is a parody of Uncyclopedia, not the reverse.[12]
Uncyclopedia's stated goal is to "provide the world's misinformation in the least redeeming and most searingly sarcastic and humorous way possible, through satire".[4] Its articles contain information which is parodied, fabricated or ridiculed to such an extent that very little factual accuracy remains, and information often contradicts itself. Ambiguous as this may sound, Uncyclopedia explicitly states that satire is at its best when it is close or represents the truth. In a manner similar to Wikipedia's "Five pillars", Uncyclopedia has a core set of rules called the "Five pliers", including "Satirical point of view".[13] Despite all the policy pages that parody those of Wikipedia, Uncyclopedia has two main rules: "Be funny and not just stupid," and "Don't be a dick".[1]
The wiki has a system for reviewing articles for their humour, grammar, spelling, use of images, and overall presentation, named Pee Review to parody Wikipedia's article review service Peer Review.[14] Writers post their articles on the Pee Review project page for review by other Uncyclopedians.[15] Similarly, a reference desk exists as the "Reefer Desk" to offer review of humorous user-edited images.
One feature of Uncyclopedia's articles is the use of quotations, usually misquoted, fictitiously attributed or entirely fabricated.[16] Among the most recurrent themes is the invention of quotes that are attributed to Oscar Wilde,[17] a phenomenon which began with an article stating that inventing Wilde quotes was the "national sport of England".[1] Themes such as "Kitten Huffing" (the inhalation of the souls of cats as a form of drug abuse) recur frequently.[1]
Uncyclopedia administrators are challenged by a steady flow of articles that do not meet Uncyclopedia's standards. Much like Wikipedia, Uncyclopedia has policies concerning vanity articles, which are articles written by an individual associated with the subject of the page. Originally, vanity articles were welcomed as long as they were humorous. However, many of these articles degenerated into flamewars, and creation of vanity pages was therefore disallowed.[1] Uncyclopedia's warning policy is also a play on Wikipedia with mostly same rules (for example, two warnings before a temporary block as in WP:blocking), but containing funnier-sounding formulations intended to parody the WP:rule process.
Uncyclopedia project | Object of parody |
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UnBooks | Wikibooks |
UnNews | Wikinews |
Undictionary | Wiktionary |
Un-Bestiary | Wikispecies |
Uncycloversity | Wikiversity |
Unquotable | Wikiquote |
UnScripts | Wikisource |
UnMeta-Wiki | Wikimedia Meta-Wiki |
UnCommons | Wikimedia Commons |
The Uncyclopedia Store | The Wikipedia Store |
UnTunes | iTunes |
HowTo | wikiHow |
UnAnswers | wikiAnswers |
As well as housing many articles designed to satirize Wikipedia-style content, Uncyclopedia also contains several secondary projects (known as "UnProjects").[1][18] As of November 2007, there were 12 such projects,[19] each of which specializes in satire of a different information style. Many of these are directly analogous to Wikipedia's sister projects.
Uncyclopedia has been referenced in several well-known news publications from around the world, in addition to numerous local and regional newspapers and periodicals. In 2005, the Flying Spaghetti Monster entry from Uncyclopedia was mentioned in a New York Times column reporting the spread of so-called "Pastafarianism", the parody religion that worships the Flying Spaghetti Monster.[20] The column was then reprinted in other newspapers, including the Taipei Times.[21] The magazine .net featured an interview with Huang about Uncyclopedia in May 2007.[1] A number of other articles have been centred on specific entries on Uncyclopedia—most notably the article in the Arizona Daily Star, which focused on the Tucson, Arizona parody,[22] and the article in the Cyprus Mail, which focused on the Cyprus article.[23]
In addition to articles about specific entries on the wiki, several papers speak of the website in general—usually in a section devoted to technology or the Internet. This was the case when Uncyclopedia was referenced in the Boston Herald and The Guardian.[24][25] Although most articles mentioning Uncyclopedia are specific to the site, there are other articles about Wikia or Wikipedia that just mention its name briefly. These include the editorial in The Register discussing the Seigenthaler incident, in which Uncyclopedia was named only once.[26] It has also been listed as one of the "Top 100 Undiscovered Web Sites" in PC Magazine,[27] as well as among the "101 most useful websites" on the internet by The Sunday Telegraph.[28] Seattle Post-Intelligencer considers Uncyclopedia to be The Onion of wiki sites.[29]
In May 2006, The New Zealand Herald reported on school officials, including the headmaster of King's College, stating that Uncyclopedia and Bebo were "cyber bullying menace[s]". This was prompted by one Epsom Girls' Grammar School student's name and cellular phone number, along with an offensive message, being posted to Uncyclopedia without her knowledge. The individual in question stated that students commonly added full names and photographs to their own pages, drawing concern from several schooling establishments.[30] The report contributed to the imposition and reworking of the website's vanity and cyberbullying policies, which were only loosely enforced beforehand.[31][32][33] Uncyclopedia has also been criticised for racist humour and general hatefulness,[34][35] but Huang claims that racist articles are pulled.[36]
The article on The Lake District was criticised in June 2007 as being offensive by councillors and tourism bosses, who called for stricter regulations on the site. The story was reported in British local newspaper the North-West Evening Mail,[37] but no policy changes were made as a result of this. In fact, the publicity generated by the issue prompted the Lake District article to be featured on Uncyclopedia's main page.[38] In a similar incident in November 2007, Uncyclopedia's article on Northern Ireland was criticised by Northern Irish politician James McCarry who branded the site "disgraceful" and vowed to, along with help from Moyle Council, "get it removed". The article is still on the site. Ardoyne councillor Conor Maskey and Portadown News creator Newton Emerson opposed McCarry, saying people should be more relaxed about the website. This story was reported in The Belfast Telegraph.[39]
A similar incident occurred in April 2008, when civic leaders of Telford, Shropshire, UK lashed out at an article calling the town “a world leader in the production and reproduction and re-reproduction of Chavs”.[40] Another article, this time about the Shropshire county town of Shrewsbury, says the town is only famous for being the birthplace of Charles Darwin, and includes insults towards the residents describing them as monkeys who have evolved into sheep.[41] Uncyclopedia has also been mentioned in the Sioux City Journal for its article on Sioux City, Iowa[42], Hawke's Bay Today for its article on Flaxmere[43], and Lochaber News for its article on Fort William, Scotland.[44]
In January 2008, the Malaysian Internal Security Ministry issued a directive alerting newspaper editors not to trust Uncyclopedia. It said the article concerning Malaysia contained "untruths, insults and ridicule" and was demeaning to the country.[7][45] Uncyclopedia's users found this statement more humorous than serious, and subsequently parodied the directive in an UnNews article.[46][47] As of February 2010, Uncyclopedia is blocked from the People's Republic of China.[48]
In December 2008, the Video Professor made claims of defamation and trademark abuse against Uncyclopedia, demanding that all content relating to the Video Professor be removed within 48 hours.[49] Uncyclopedia has not, as of July 2010, removed said content.
The site uses a similar layout to Wikipedia[50] which may cause confusion to inexperienced users who misinterpret the content as factual.[51][52]
The Uncyclopedia concept has been adapted to wikis in more than fifty other languages.[2] The UnNews project has similarly been replicated, under various localised names, in eighteen other languages.[53] The websites also invoke various parody languages such as "Portuñol" and "English But Louder". The first Uncyclopedias in languages other than English were created in June 2005, beginning with a French language version.[54] On February 20, 2008, the 50th language, Welsh, was added to the Uncyclopedia series.
While each language wiki is free to establish its own unique community identity, most of the logos and names in use retain some semblance to those of the English-language version. For instance, as an "un-" encyclopedia, the encyclopedia is named "Uncyclopedia" in both English and German. It is "Desciclopédia" in Portuguese and "dÉsencyclopédie" in French; both mean "dis-encyclopedia". The Spanish language "Inciclopedia" and Ukrainian language "Інциклопедія" both apply the negation "in-" to "encyclopedia" (Spanish: enciclopedia, Ukrainian: Енциклопедія). In Italian "Nonciclopedia" is likewise constructed from the negation "non-" and the word "enciclopedia". In Russian "Absurdopedia" (Абсурдопедия) from the word "absurd" and "encyclopedia"; similarly, "Nonsensopedia" in Polish. The Danish "Spademanns Leksikon", unlike the Norwegian "Ikkepedia" (Not-pedia) and Swedish "Psyklopedin" (Psychlopedia), does not include the English word "encyclopedia" in its name. Spademanns Leksikon is a parody of Lademanns Leksikon, a respected Danish encyclopedia, combining its name with the word "spade" (slang for "retard"). The name of the Thai edition, ไร้สาระนุกรม (rai sa:ra nukrom), is a play on the word for encyclopedia, สารานุกรม (sa:ra:nukrom), and means 'nonsense-opedia'. The Malaysian version is called Bodohpedia, from the word bodoh, which means "stupid" in the Malay language. Similarly, the Indonesian version is called Tololpedia (spelled as "Tolololpedia" in Indonesian), from the word tolol "idiot". Meanwhile, the Tagalog version of Uncyclopedia is called "Pekepedia," which is based on the word for "fake" (peke). The Turkish version is called "Yansiklopedi" which is from the words "Yan" meaning side for Turkish, and "Ansiklopedi", encyclopedia for Turkish. The Dutch is an exact translation: "Oncyclopedia Neerlandica". The Finnish version "Hikipedia" would literally translate to "Sweat-pedia", but "hiki" is more expressive when used as a prefix in spoken language and could mean for example "barely-pedia", "lousy-pedia" or even "hard work -pedia", while obviously being a pun on "Wikipedia". The Korean version of Uncyclopedia is called "백괴사전" (Baekgoesajeon; 百怪事典). The name is derived from the Korean word "백과사전" (baekgwasajeon; 百科事典), meaning "the dictionary of all branches of knowledge", by changing the character 과 (gwa; 科) into 괴 (goe; 怪), which means "strange". Therefore, "백괴사전" means "the dictionary of all strange knowledge".
Some of the largest Uncyclopedias available in other languages are listed below.
Desciclopédia, the Portuguese language version with over 26,000 pages, is the largest Uncyclopedia.[2] Founded in August 2005,[55] it purports to be the brainchild of the largely fictional Doutor Roberto (Portuguese for "Doctor Robert") a satire upon the late powerful owner of TV Globo, Roberto Marinho. Desciclopédian humour routinely targets regional Brazilian notables such as centenarian comedy actress Dercy Gonçalves, depicted as a cover model posed for a Playboy-like magazine Playold. Actress Cláudia Raia is portrayed as a stingray (Portuguese: raia).[56] Political leaders such as Luíz Inácio Lula da Silva (Portuguese: lula - "squid") also often fall victim to Desciclopédia's parodies,[57][58] along with singers, athletes and other public figures.[59]
Desciclopédia uses various domain hacks for individual secondary projects, which include Desnoticias ("noticias" is "news"), Descionário (with "dicionário" meaning "dictionary"), Deslivros (for books, "biblioteca" means "library"), and Desentrevistas ("entrevistas" meaning "interviews"). These would correspond to "UnNews", "UnDictionary", "UnBooks" and the exclusive-to-Desciclopédia "UnInterviews".
Ansaikuropedia (Japanese: アンサイクロペディア), third-largest with just over ten thousand pages,[60] takes its name from the katakana transliteration of the word Uncyclopedia.[61] It was founded in December 2005.[62]
The Spanish Inciclopedia was established in February 2006[63] to accommodate content displaced by the closure of Spanish humour wiki Frikipedia. Frikipedia was shut down by the Sociedad General de Autores y Editores,[64] a Spanish organization for copyright who were angered by Frikipedia's entry on them.[63] Frikipedia was eventually relaunched.
Notables such as Chilean folk singer Monteaguilino and Senator Pedro Muñoz have expressed their discontent with Inciclopedia and the site's mockery of the Chilean flag and national symbols.[65] Noche Hache, a television program on Spain's TV Cuatro, also mentioned Inciclopedia among supporters of Eva Hache's joke candidacy to the presidency of Spain.[66]
Nonciclopedia, the Italian language version, was founded on November 3, 2005 and features over 10000 articles. Like Uncyclopedia, it has many secondary projects, like Manuali, a collection of fake or humorous tutorials about strange arguments (like How to conquer England in 4 steps),[67] the Horroscopo, a fake horoscope, NonNotizie, a parody of WikiNews and the Walk of Shame, a parody of the "Walk of Fame", which collects the best articles. Like most of the other languages editions there is a space for the Article of the Week and some pages have related audio files containing a vocal narration of the page's content. Typical subjects of humour are Wikipedia, Chuck Norris, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Silvio Berlusconi, Emo subculture, Nietzsche, the fictional state of Svervegia (literally Swederway) and people who vandalize Nonciclopedia in response to being offended by an article. Since Chuck Norris, Svervegia and Emo topics were abused, especially by newbie writers, they are not used anymore.
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