Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
| Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (English) Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ (Russian) |
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.svg.png) Location of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in Russia |
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| Coat of Arms | Flag |
 Coat of arms of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug |
 Flag of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug |
| Anthem: none | |
| Country | Russia |
| Administrative center | Salekhard |
| Established | December 10, 1930 |
| Political status Federal district Economic region |
Autonomous okrug Urals West Siberian |
| Code | 89 |
| Area - Rank within Russia |
750,300 km² 6th |
| Population ( 2002) - Rank within Russia - Density - Urban - Rural |
507,006 inhabitants 72nd 0.7 inhab. / km² 83.4% 16.6% |
| Official language | Russian |
| Governor | Yury Neyolov |
| Vice-Governor | Viktor Kazarin |
| Legislative body | State Duma |
| Charter | Charter of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug |
| Official website | http://adm.yanao.ru/89/ |
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: Яма́ло-Нене́цкий автоно́мный о́круг, Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug; Nenets: Ямалы-Ненёцие’’ автономной ӈокрук), or Yamalia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast).
The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is the largest administrative division of Tyumen with an area 750,300 km2 (289,692 sq mi). It is also the most sparsely populated with only 507,006 (2002 Census)[1] inhabitants.
The administrative center of the autonomous okrug is Salekhard, and the two largest towns by population are Noyabrsk (pop. 96,440) and Novy Urengoy (pop. 94,456).
Contents |
Geography and natural history
The Nenets people are an indigenous tribe that have long survived in this region. Their prehistoric life involved subsistence hunting and gathering, including the taking of polar bears; the practice of hunting polar bears (Ursus maritimus) continues up to the present time.[2]
Yamalia is located in the Yekaterinburg Time Zone (YEKT/YEKST). UTC offset is +0500 (YEKT)/+0600 (YEKST).
Yamalia is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude.
Administrative divisions
Demographics
- Population (2002): 507,006.
- Ethnic groups:
As oil workers from across Russia far outnumber indigenous people in the region it should come as no surprise that the Nenets only make up 5.2% of the population, preceded by ethnic Russians (58.8%), Ukrainians (13%), and Tatars (5.4%). Other prominent ethnic groups include Belarusians (1.8%), Khants (1.7%), Azerbaijanis (1.65%), Bashkirs (1.56%), Komi (1.22%), and Moldovans (1.06%). (All figures are from the 2002 census)
| 1939 census | 1959 census | 1970 census | 1979 census | 1989 census | 2002 census | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nenets | 13,454 (29.3%) | 13,977 (22.4%) | 17,538 (21.9%) | 17,404 (11.0%) | 20,917 (4.2%) | 26,435 (5.2%) |
| Khants | 5,367 (11.7%) | 5,519 (8.9%) | 6,513 (8.1%) | 6,466 (4.1%) | 7,247 (1.5%) | 8,760 (1.7%) |
| Komi | 4,722 (10.3%) | 4,866 (7.8%) | 5,445 (6.8%) | 5,642 (3.6%) | 6,000 (1.2%) | 6,177 (1.2%) |
| Selkups | 87 (0.2%) | 1,245 (2.0%) | 1,710 (2.1%) | 1,611 (1.0%) | 1,530 (0.3%) | 1,797 (0.4%) |
| Russians | 19,308 (42.1%) | 27,789 (44.6%) | 37,518 (46.9%) | 93,750 (59.0%) | 292,808 (59.2%) | 298,359 (58.8%) |
| Ukrainians | 395 (0.9%) | 1,921 (3.1%) | 3,026 (3.8%) | 15,721 (9.9%) | 85,022 (17.2%) | 66,080 (13.0%) |
| Tatars | 1,636 (3.6%) | 3,952 (6.3%) | 4,653 (5.8%) | 8,556 (5.4%) | 26,431 (5.3%) | 27,734 (5.5%) |
| Others | 871 (1.9%) | 3,065 (4.9%) | 3,574 (4.5%) | 9,694 (6.1%) | 54,889 (11.1%) | 71,664 (14.1%) |
Vital statistics
- Source: Russian Federal State Statistics Service
| Births | Deaths | Birth rate | Death rate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 1,683 | 879 | 20.0 | 10.5 |
| 1975 | 2,307 | 819 | 18.2 | 6.4 |
| 1980 | 3,347 | 1,178 | 17.3 | 6.1 |
| 1985 | 7,838 | 1,555 | 21.0 | 4.2 |
| 1990 | 8,032 | 1,631 | 16.4 | 3.3 |
| 1991 | 7,121 | 1,623 | 14.7 | 3.4 |
| 1992 | 6,123 | 2,108 | 13.0 | 4.5 |
| 1993 | 5,697 | 2,764 | 12.2 | 5.9 |
| 1994 | 6,274 | 2,998 | 13.3 | 6.3 |
| 1995 | 6,337 | 3,107 | 13.1 | 6.4 |
| 1996 | 6,241 | 3,004 | 12.8 | 6.1 |
| 1997 | 6,208 | 2,715 | 12.5 | 5.5 |
| 1998 | 6,395 | 2,544 | 12.8 | 5.1 |
| 1999 | 6,071 | 2,608 | 12.2 | 5.2 |
| 2000 | 5,839 | 2,763 | 11.7 | 5.6 |
| 2001 | 6,388 | 3,057 | 12.8 | 6.1 |
| 2002 | 6,635 | 2,934 | 13.1 | 5.8 |
| 2003 | 7,163 | 3,093 | 14.0 | 6.0 |
| 2004 | 7,264 | 2,975 | 14.0 | 5.7 |
| 2005 | 7,148 | 3,099 | 13.6 | 5.9 |
| 2006 | 7,036 | 3,000 | 13.2 | 5.6 |
| 2007 | 7,700 | 2,937 | 14.2 | 5.4 |
| 2008 | 7,892 | 2,959 | 14.5 | 5.4 |
- Demographics for 2008 Jan-Sep
For the Okrug. [1]
| Raion(2008 Jan-Sep) | Pp (2007) | Births | Deaths | Growth | BR | DR | NGR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yamalo-Nenetsky Okrug | 538,600 | 5,814 | 2,202 | 3,612 | 14.39 | 5.45 | 0.89% |
| Salekhard | 40,500 | 499 | 256 | 243 | 16.43 | 8.43 | 0.80% |
| Gubkinsky | 22,300 | 263 | 71 | 192 | 15.72 | 4.25 | 1.15% |
| Labytnangi | 27,700 | 333 | 212 | 121 | 16.03 | 10.20 | 0.58% |
| Muravlenko | 37,000 | 361 | 104 | 257 | 13.01 | 3.75 | 0.93% |
| Nadym | 48,500 | 443 | 197 | 246 | 12.18 | 5.42 | 0.68% |
| Novy Urengoy | 117,000 | 1122 | 334 | 788 | 12.79 | 3.81 | 0.90% |
| Noyabrsk | 109,900 | 1029 | 384 | 645 | 12.48 | 4.66 | 0.78% |
| Krasnoselkupsky | 6,200 | 99 | 41 | 58 | 21.29 | 8.82 | 1.25% |
| Nadymsky | 21,300 | 221 | 67 | 154 | 13.83 | 4.19 | 0.96% |
| Priuralsky | 15,300 | 179 | 72 | 107 | 15.60 | 6.27 | 0.93% |
| Purovsky | 49,900 | 548 | 195 | 353 | 14.64 | 5.21 | 0.94% |
| Tazovsky | 17,200 | 268 | 92 | 176 | 20.78 | 7.13 | 1.36% |
| Shuryshkarsky | 9,900 | 144 | 69 | 75 | 19.39 | 9.29 | 1.01% |
| Yamalsky | 15,900 | 305 | 108 | 197 | 25.58 | 9.06 | 1.65% |
Economy
Yamal region is Russia's most important source of natural gas, with more than 90% of Russia's natural gas being produced there. The region also accounts for 12% of Russia's oil production.[3] The region is of utmost importance to Russia's largest company Gazprom, whose main production fields are located there. Novatek – the country's second largest gas producer – is also active in the region, with its headquarteres located in Tarko-Sale.
History
On December 10, 1930, Yamal (Nenets) National Okrug (Ямальский (Ненецкий) национальный округ) was formed based on Ural Oblast.
Line note references
- ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ↑ C. Michael Hogan (2008) Polar Bear: Ursus maritimus, Globaltwitcher.com, ed. Nicklas Stromberg
- ↑ "Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area". Kommersant. 2004-03-05. http://www.kommersant.com/p-30/r_373/Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Area/. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
External links
- Nadym Community (Russian)
- muji.ru (Russian)
- Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Tourism