1933
1933 by topic |
Subject: Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Aviation – Comics – Film – Literature (Poetry) – Meteorology – Music (Country) – Rail transport – Radio – Science – Sports – Television |
Countries: Australia – Canada – China – Ecuador – France – Germany – Greece – India – Ireland – Italy – Japan – Malaysia – Mexico – New Zealand – Norway – Palestine Mandate – Philippines – Singapore – South Africa– Soviet Union – UK – USA |
Leaders: Sovereign states – State leaders – Religious leaders – Law |
Categories: Births – Deaths – Works – Introductions – Establishments – Disestablishments – Awards |
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Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.
Events of 1933
January
February
March
- March 2 – The original film version of King Kong, starring Fay Wray, premieres at Radio City Music Hall and the RKO Roxy Theatre in New York City.
- March 3
- March 4
- U.S. President Herbert Hoover is succeeded by Franklin D. Roosevelt, who in reference to the Great Depression, proclaims "The only thing we have to fear, is fear itself" in his inauguration speech. FDR is sworn in by Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes. It is also the last time Inauguration Day in the United States occurs on March 4.
- Frances Perkins becomes United States Secretary of Labor, and the first female member of the United States Cabinet.
- The Parliament of Austria is suspended because of a quibble over procedure; Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss initiates authoritarian rule by decree (see Austrofascism).
- March 5
- March 6 – Mayor Anton Cermak of Chicago dies of the wound he received on February 15.
- March 9 – Great Depression: The U.S. Congress begins its first 100 days of enacting New Deal legislation.
- March 10 – An earthquake in Long Beach, California kills 117 people.
- March 12 – Great Depression: Franklin Delano Roosevelt addresses the nation for the first time as President of the United States, in the first of his "Fireside Chats".
- March 15
- The Dow Jones Industrial Average rises from 53.84 to 62.10. The day's gain of 15.34%, achieved during the depths of the Great Depression, remains to date as the largest 1-day percentage gain for the index.
- Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss keeps members of the National Council from convening, starting the Austrofascist dictatorship.
- March 20 – Dachau, the first Nazi concentration camp, is completed (it opens March 22).
- March 23 – The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.
- March 23 - President Franklin Roosevelt signed an amendment to the Volstead Act known as the Cullen-Harrison Act, allowing the manufacture and sale of "3.2 beer" (3.2% alcohol by weight, approximately 4% alcohol by volume) and light wines.
- March 24 – Jews call for a boycott of German goods.
- March 27 – Japan leaves the League of Nations.
- March 31 – The Civilian Conservation Corps is established with the mission to relieve rampant unemployment.
April
May
June
- June 5 – The U.S. Congress abrogates the United States' use of the gold standard by enacting a joint resolution (48 Stat. 112) nullifying the right of creditors to demand payment in gold.
- June 6 – The first drive-in theater opens in Camden, New Jersey.
- June 12 – The London Economic Conference is held.
- June 17 – Union Station Massacre: In Kansas City, Missouri, Pretty Boy Floyd kills 4 unarmed FBI agents and captured fugitive Frank Nash in a failed attempt to free him.
- June 21 – All non-Nazi parties are forbidden in Germany.
- June 25 – The Wilmersdorfer Tennishallen delegates convene in Berlin.
- June 26 – The American Totalisator Company unveils its first electronic pari-mutuel betting machine at the Arlington Park Racetrack near Chicago.
July
- July 4 – Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is sentenced to prison in India.
- July 6 – The first Major League Baseball All-Star Game is played at Comiskey Park in Chicago.
- July 14 – Forming new political parties is forbidden in Germany.
- July 20 – Vatican state secretary Eugenio Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII) signs an accord with Hitler.
- July 22
- Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly solo around the world, traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours, and 45 minutes.
- "Machine-Gun" Kelly and Albert Bates kidnap Charles Urschel, an Oklahoma oilman, and demand $200,000 ransom.
- July 24 – Several members of the Barrow Gang are injured or captured during a running battle with local police near Dexter, Iowa.
August
- August – Simele massacre: More than 3,000 Assyrian Iraqis are killed by the government.
- August 1 – The Blue Eagle emblem of the National Recovery Administration is displayed publicly for the first time.
- August 2 - Opening of the Stalin White Sea – Baltic Sea Canal, a 227 km navigable waterway constructed using forced labour in the Soviet Union connecting the White Sea with Lake Onega and the Baltic.
- August 14 – Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn. It is extinguished on September 5, after destroying 240,000 acres (971 km²).
- August 25 – The Diexi earthquake shakes Mao County, Sichuan, China and kills 9,000 people.
- August 30
- Theodor Lessing is assassinated in Marienbad (Mariánské Lázně), Czechoslovakia.
- Air France begins operations with 250 planes.
September
October
November
December
Ongoing events
Undated
- The British Interplanetary Society is founded.
- The chocolate chip cookie is invented by Ruth Wakefield.
- The United States Federal Government ends Prohibition and outlaws cannabis.
- A coup attempt against Franklin Delano Roosevelt fails in the United States (see Smedley Butler).
- The London Passenger Transport Board is founded.
- Jimmie Angel becomes the first foreigner to see the Angel Falls (they are named after him).
- Nazi Germany forms the Expert Committee on Questions of Population and Racial Policy under Reich Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick.
- The Holodomor famine takes place in the Ukraine.
- The Adélaïde Concerto, a spurious work attributed to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, is published as "edited" (actually composed) by Marius Casadesus.
- The Children and Young Persons Act 1933 is passed in Great Britain.
- US President Roosevelt rejects socialism and government ownership of industry.
- 15 million unemployed are in the USA.
- 5 coalition cabinets form and fall in France.
- Turkey concluded a treaty with the creditors of former Ottoman Empire to schedule the payments in Paris. (Turkey succeeded to clear all the debts of Ottoman Empire in less than 20 years.)
- The first dated ISCF group was started in Australia at North Sydney Boys High School, with the group still running today.
Births
January–February
- January 2 – Morimura Seiichi, Japanese novelist and author
- January 6
- Oleg Makarov, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2003)
- Emil Steinberger, Swiss comedian, director, and writer
- January 8 – Charles Osgood, American journalist and commentator (CBS Sunday Morning)
- January 9 – Robert Garcia, American politician
- January 14 – Stan Brakhage, American filmmaker (d. 2003)
- January 16 – Susan Sontag, American author (d. 2004)
- January 17
- January 18 – John Boorman, English film director
- January 23 – Chita Rivera, American actress and dancer
- January 25 – Corazon Aquino, President of the Philippines (d. 2009)
- February 6 – Leslie Crowther, British TV comedian & game show host (d. 1996)
- February 7 – John Anderton, English footballer
- February 8 – Elly Ameling, Dutch soprano
- February 12 – Costa-Gavras, Greek-born director and writer
- February 13 – Kim Novak, American actress
- February 14 – Madhubala, Indian actress (d. 1969)
- February 17 – Craig L. Thomas, American Senator (d. 2007)
- February 18 – Yoko Ono, Japanese-born singer and artist, widow of John Lennon
- February 18 – Sir Bobby Robson, English soccer player and manager (d. 2009)
- February 21 – Nina Simone, American singer (d. 2003)
- February 22 – Katharine, Duchess of Kent
- February 27 – Raymond Berry, American football player
- February 28 – Miro Steržaj, Slovenian 9-pin bowler and businessman
March–April
- April 1 – Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- April 5
- Larry Felser, American sports columnist
- Frank Gorshin, American actor (Batman) (d. 2005)
- April 6 – Roy Goode, British legal academic
- April 12
- April 15
- Roy Clark, American country musician
- Elizabeth Montgomery, American actress (Bewitched) (d. 1995)
- April 16 – Joan Bakewell, British broadcaster
- April 18 – Michael Bradshaw, British actor
- April 19 – Jayne Mansfield, American actress (d. 1967)
- April 24
- Patricia Bosworth, American writer/biographer
- Claire Davenport, British actress (d. 2002)
- April 25 – Jerry Leiber, American composer
- April 26
- April 29 – Mark Eyskens, Prime Minister of Belgium
- April 30 – Willie Nelson, American country singer, songwriter
May–June
- May 3
- May 4 – J. Fred Duckett, Texan Sports announcer and teacher (d. 2007)
- May 7
- Johnny Unitas, American football player (d. 2002)
- Nexhmije Pagarusha, Albanian singer and actress
- May 9 – Jessica Steele, English romance novelist
- May 10 – Barbara Taylor Bradford, English writer
- May 11 – Louis Farrakhan, African-American Muslim leader
- May 15 – Carol Habben, American baseball player (d. 1997)
- May 21 – Maurice André, French trumpeter
- May 22 – Chen Jingrun, Chinese mathematician (D. 1996 )
- May 23 – Joan Collins, English actress (Dynasty)
- May 25 – Ray Spencer, English footballer
- May 26 – Edward Whittemore, American writer and Central Intelligence agent (d. 1995)
- May 29
- Marc Carbonneau, Canadian terrorist
- Helmuth Rilling, German conductor
- June 1 – Charles Wilson, American politician
- June 6 – Heinrich Rohrer, Swiss physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- June 8 – Joan Rivers, American comedian
- June 11 – Gene Wilder, American actor (Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)
- June 14 – Vladislav Rastorotsky, Soviet gymnastics coach
- June 17
- Harry Browne, American writer and Presidential candidate (d. 2006)
- Maurice Stokes, American basketball player (d. 1970)
- June 19 – Viktor Patsayev, Russian cosmonaut (d. 1971)
- June 20 – Danny Aiello, American actor
- June 21 – Bernie Kopell, American actor and comedian (Love Boat)
- June 23 – Dave Bristol, American baseball manager
- June 26 – Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor
- June 29 – John Bradshaw, American theologian and educator
July–August
- July 6 – Frank Austin, English footballer
- July 7
- Murray Halberg, New Zealand runner
- David McCullough, American historian and author
- Bruce Wells, English boxer/actor
- July 8 – Marty Feldman, English comedian and actor (Young Frankenstein) (d. 1982)
- July 11 – Bob McGrath, American actor (Sesame Street)
- July 15
- Julian Bream, English guitarist and lutenist
- Guido Crepax, Italian comics artist (d. 2003)
- July 20
- July 21 – John Gardner, American novelist (d. 1982)
- July 23 – Bert Convy, American game show host, actor, and singer (d. 1991)
- July 26 – Kathryn Hays, American actress/soap opera star
- July 29
- Lou Albano, American professional wrestler and actor (d. 2009)
- Robert Fuller, American actor and rancher (Laramie and Emergency)
- July 30 - Edd Byrnes, American actor and singer (77 Sunset Strip)
- August 1
- Dom DeLuise, American actor and comedian (d. 2009)
- Jesse Corti, Venezuelan-born actor and comedian
- August 2 – Tom Bell, English actor (d. 2006)
- August 8 – Joe Tex, African-American soul singer (d. 1982)
- August 10 – Doyle Brunson, American poker player
- August 11 – Jerry Falwell, American evangelist and conservative political activist (d. 2007)
- August 14 – Richard R. Ernst, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- August 15 – Jim Lange, American disc jockey and game show host (The Dating Game)
- August 16
- Julie Newmar, American actress (Batman)
- Stuart Roosa, American astronaut (d. 1994)
- August 17 – Gene Kranz, retired American NASA Flight Director
- August 18 – Roman Polanski, Polish film director
- August 20 – George J. Mitchell, former United States Senator
- August 21
- Janet Baker, English mezzo-soprano
- Barry Norman, English film critic
- August 23 – Robert Curl, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- August 25 – Tom Skerritt, American actor
- August 28 – Jean Weaver, American female professional baseball player (d. 2008)
- August 29 – Arnold Koller, Swiss Federal Councilor
September–October
- September 1 – Conway Twitty, American country music artist (d. 1993)
- September 1 – Ann Richards, Governor of Texas (d. 2006)
- September 4 – Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin
- September 4 – Victor Spinetti, Welsh actor
- September 9 – Michael Novak, American philosopher and author
- September 10 – Yevgeny Khrunov, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2000)
- September 13 – Eileen Fulton, American actress/soap opera star
- September 14 – Hillevi Rombin, Miss Universe 1955 (d. 1996)
- September 15 – Monica Maughan, Australian actress (d. 2010)
- September 17 – Dorothy Loudon, American actress (d. 2003)
- September 18 – Scotty Bowman, Canadian ice hockey coach
- September 15 – Rafael Frübeck de Burgos, Spanish conductor
- September 25 – Hubie Brown, American basketball coach and broadcaster
- September 26 – Donna Douglas, American actress (The Beverly Hillbillies)
- September 29 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (d. 1986)
- October 9
- October 10 – Jay Sebring, American hair stylist (d. 1969)
- October 17 – Jeanine Deckers, Belgian nun and singer (d. 1985)
- October 24 – Reginald Kray, British gangster
- October 24 – Ronald Kray, British gangster
- October 24 – Norman Rush, American writer
November–December
- November 1 – Samir Roychoudhury, Indian Bengali poet and philosopher of Hungry generation
- November 3
- November 6 – Knut Johannesen, Norweigian speed-skater
- November 10 – Don Clarke, Rugby football player of New Zealand (d. 2002)
- November 12 – Jalal Talabani, President of Iraq
- November 14 – Fred Haise, American astronaut who flew in Apollo 13
- November 19 – Larry King, American talk show host
- November 23 – Krzysztof Penderecki, Polish composer
- November 26 – Tony Verna, Inventor of Instant Replay
- November 26 Robert Goulet, American entertainer (d. 2007)
- November 28 – Hope Lange, American actress (The Ghost and Mrs. Muir) (d. 2003)
- December 1 – Lou Rawls, African-American singer (d. 2006)
- Fujiko F. Fujio, Japanese cartoon artist (d. 1996)
- December 2 – Michael Larrabee, American athlete (d. 2003)
- December 3 – Paul J. Crutzen, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- December 6 – Henryk Górecki, Polish composer
- December 9 – Orville Moody, American golfer (d. 2008)
- December 15 – Tim Conway, American actor and comedian
- December 17 – Walter Booker, American jazz bassist (d. 2006)
- December 20 – Jean Carnahan, American politician
- December 23 – Emperor Akihito of Japan
- December 26
- Ugly Dave Gray, Australian television personality
- Carroll Spinney, American puppeteer
Undated
- Augusto Odone, creator of Lorenzo's Oil
Deaths
January–June
- January 1 – Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (b. 1876)
- January 3
- January 5 – Calvin Coolidge, 30th President of the United States (b. 1872)
- January 7 – Bert Hinkler, Australian pioneer aviator (b. 1892)
- January 17 – Louis Comfort Tiffany, stained glass artist and jewelry designer, son of Charles Lewis Tiffany
- January 25 – Lewis J. Selznick, American film producer (b. 1870)
- January 29
- Thomas Coward, English ornithologist (b. 1867)
- Sara Teasdale, American lyrical poet (b. 1884)
- January 31 – John Galsworthy, English writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867)
- February 5 – Josiah Thomas, Australian politician (b. 1863)
- February 12 – Henri Duparc, French composer (b. 1848)
- February 15 – Pat Sullivan, Australian-born director and producer of animated films (b. 1887)
- February 18 – James J. Corbett, American boxer (b. 1866)
- February 26 – Spottiswoode Aitken, Scottish-American actor (b. 1868)
- February 27 – Walter Hiers, American actor (b. 1893)
- March 1 – Uładzimir Zylka, Belarusian poet (b. 1900)
- March 6 – Anton Cermak, Mayor of Chicago (assassinated) (b. 1873)
- March 10 – Ahmed Sharif es Senussi, Chief of the Senussi order in Libya (b. 1873)
- March 14 – Balto, American sled dog (b. 1919)
- March 20 – Giuseppe Zangara, attempted assassin of Franklin D. Roosevelt (b. 1900)
- March 26 – Eddie Lang, American musician (b. 1902)
- April 3 – William A. Moffett, U.S. admiral (sinking of the USS Akron) (b. 1869)
- April 22 – Henry Royce, English car manufacturer (b. 1863)
- May 13 – Ernest Torrance, Scottish actor (b. 1878)
- May 16 – John Henry Mackay, German writer (b. 1864)
- May 24 – Percy C. Mather, English Protestant missionary
- May 26 – Jimmie Rodgers, American country singer (b. 1897)
- June 2 – Frank Jarvis, American athlete (b. 1878)
- June 29 – Fatty Arbuckle, American comedian (b. 1887)
July–December
- July 3 – Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (b. 1852)
- July 15
- Irving Babbitt, American literary critic (b. 1865)
- Freddie Keppard, American jazz musician (b. 1890)
- September 7 – Edward Grey, British statesman (b. 1862)
- September 8 – Faisal I of Iraq, king of Iraq
- September 10 – Giuseppe Campari, Italian opera singer and Grand Prix driver (b. 1892)
- September 20 – Annie Besant, English women's rights activist, writer and orator (b. 1847)
- September 25 – Ring Lardner, American writer (b. 1885)
- October 5 – Renée Adorée, French actress (b. 1898)
- October 12 – John Lister, English politician (b. 1847)
- November 3 – Émile Roux, French physician (b. 1853)
- November 5 – Texas Guinan, American actress (b. 1884)
- November 30 – Arthur Currie, Canadian military leader (b. 1875)
- December 4 – Stefan George, German poet (b. 1868)
- December 8 – Karl Jatho, German airplane pioneer (b. 1873)
- December 17 – Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama (b. 1876)
- December 19 – George Jackson Churchward, GWR Chief mechanical engineer (b. 1857)
- December 25 – Francesc Macià, President of the Generalitat (autonomous government of Catalonia) (b. 1859)
- December 26 – Eduard Vilde, Estonian writer (b. 1865)
Nobel Prizes
Ship events
- List of ship launches in 1933
- List of ship commissionings in 1933
- List of ship decommissionings in 1933
See also
Notes
External links