1683
| 1683 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology – Architecture – |
| Art – Literature – Music – Science |
| Leaders: State leaders – Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Births – Deaths – Works |
Year 1683 (MDCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).
Events of 1683
January–June
July–December
- July 8 – The Qing Dynasty Chinese admiral Shi Lang leads 300 ships with 20,000 troops out of Tongshan, Fujian and sails towards the Kingdom of Tungning, in modern-day Taiwan and Penghu, in order to quell the kingdom in the name of Qing.
- July 14 – A 140,000-man Ottoman force arrives at Vienna and starts to besiege the city.
- July 16 and July 17 – Battle of Penghu: Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang defeats the naval forces of Zheng Keshuang in a decisive victory.
- September 5 – The Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang receives the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang, ushering in the collapse of the Kingdom of Tungning, which is then incorporated into the Qing Empire.
- September 12 – Battle of Vienna: The Ottoman siege of the city is broken with the arrival of a force of 70,000 Polish, Austrians and Germans under Polish-Lithuanian king Jan III Sobieski, whose cavalry turns their flank (considered to be the turning point in the Ottoman Empire's fortunes).
- October 3 – Shi Lang reaches Taiwan and occupies present day Kaohsiung.
- October 6 – Germantown, Pennsylvania is founded (in 1983 U.S. President Ronald Reagan declares a 300th Year Celebration, and in 1987, it becomes an annual holiday, German-American Day).
- November 1 – The British crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.
- December – The River Thames freezes, allowing a frost fair to be held.
Undated
Births
- February 28 – René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, French scientist (d. 1757)
- March 1 – Caroline of Ansbach, queen of George II of Great Britain (d. 1737); her birthdate was associated with Saint David's Day, for example in plate 4 of William Hogarth's A Rake's Progress
- April 3 – Mark Catesby, English naturalist (d. 1749)
- June 23 – Etienne Fourmont, French orientalist (d. 1745)
- August 31 – Andrew Gannon III, Proclaimed King of Ireland by the Irish bishops (d. 1765)
- September 11 – Farrukhsiyar, Mughal Emperor (d. 1719)
- September 25 – Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (d. 1764)
- October 25 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, British politician (d. 1757)
- November 10 – King George II of Great Britain (d. 1760)
- November 30 – Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (d. 1744)
- December 19 – King Philip V of Spain (d. 1746)
- December 27 – Conyers Middleton, English minister (d. 1750)
- See also Category: 1683 births.
Deaths
- January 21 – Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, British politician (b. 1621)
- February 18 – Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (b. 1620)
- March 19 – Thomas Killigrew, English dramatist (b. 1612)
- March 29 – Yaoya Oshichi, young Japanese girl burned at the stake for arson (b. 1667)
- July 10 – François-Eudes de Mézeray, French historian (b. 1610)
- July 13 – Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (b. 1631)
- July 30 – Queen Marie-Thérèse, first wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
- August 18 – Charles Hart, English actor (b. 1625)
- August 24 – John Owen, English non-conformist theologian (b. 1616)
- September 6 – Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of finance (b. 1619)
- September 12 – King Afonso VI of Portugal (b. 1643)
- October 25 – William Scroggs, lord chief justice of England (b. c. 1623)
- December 7 – John Oldham, English poet (smallpox) (b. 1653)
- December 7 – Algernon Sydney, English politician (b. 1623)
- December 15 – Izaak Walton, English writer (b. 1593)
- See also Category: 1683 deaths.