1686
1686 in topic: |
Subjects: Archaeology – Architecture – |
Art – Literature – Music – Science |
Leaders: State leaders – Colonial governors |
Category: Establishments – Disestablishments |
Births – Deaths – Works |
Year 1686 (MDCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).
Events of 1686
January–June
July–December
- July 17 – A meeting takes place at Lüneburg between 'some evangelical Princes and Electors' and representatives of the King of Navarre, the King of Denmark and the Queen of England. The object of this meeting is the formation of an 'evangelical' league of defence against the Catholic League, called the 'Confederatio Militiae Evangelicae'.[1]
- July 22 – New York City and Albany, New York are granted city charters by the colonial governor.
- September 2 – The forces of the Holy League of 1684 liberate Buda from Ottoman Turkish rule (leading to the end of Turkish rule in Hungary during the subsequent years).
Undated
- The historian and naturalist, Robert Plot Publishes his Natural history of Staffordshire. A collection of illustrations and texts detailing, primarily, its ancient and prehistoric history. It was also the first document known to mention crop circles and the double sun set over the cheshire plain. Few copies now excist.
- James VII of Scotland and James II of England tries to persuade Parliament to repeal the Test Acts, which bar Catholics from public office. Having failed, he issues a Declaration of Indulgence, which suspends penal laws against both Catholics and Protestant dissenters. Suspicions about James' intentions grow as he systematically places Catholics in key positions.
- A group of conspirators meet at Charborough House in Dorset to plan the overthrow of King James and replace him with the Protestant Dutch Stadtholder, William III of Orange-Nassau.
- The League of Augsburg is founded in response to claims made by Louis XIV of France on the Palatinate in western Germany. It comprises the Holy Roman Empire, the Netherlands, Sweden, Spain and the electors of Bavaria, Saxony and the Palatinate.
- Russia, Saxony, Brandenburg and Bavaria join the Holy League against the Ottoman Turkish Empire. Imperial forces under Austrian leadership invade Ottoman-occupied Hungary and advance on Budapest.
- In Greece, Ottoman-occupied Morea (i.e., the Peloponnese) falls to the Venetians.
- A hurricane saves Charleston, South Carolina, from attack by Spanish vessels.
- The Dominion of New England is formed.
Ongoing events
Births
- January 16 – Archibald Bower, Scottish historian (d. 1766)
- January 31 – Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (d. 1758)
- April 9 – James Craggs the Younger, English politician (d. 1721)
- April 28 – Michael Brokoff, Czech sculptor (d. 1721)
- April 29 – Peregrine Bertie, 2nd Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (d. 1742)
- May 24 – Gabriel Fahrenheit, German physicist and inventor (d. 1736)
- June 9 – Andrei Osterman, Russian statesman (d. 1747)
- July 6 – Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (d. 1758)
- July 9 – Philip Livingston, American politician (d. 1749)
- July 31 (or August 1) – Benedetto Marcello, Italian composer (d. 1739)
- August 12 – John Balguy, English philosopher (d. 1748)
- August 19 – Eustace Budgell, English writer (d. 1737)
- August 19 – Nicola Porpora, Italian composer (d. 1768)
- October 15 – Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (d. 1758)
- See also Category: 1686 births.
Deaths
- January 31 – Jean Mairet, French dramatist (b. 1604)
- February 10 – William Dugdale, English antiquarian (b. 1605)
- April 6 – Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey, English royalist statesman (b. 1614)
- April 19 – Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish writer (b. 1610)
- June 23 – William Coventry, English statesman (b. c.1628)
- July 10 – John Fell, English churchman (b. 1625)
- July 16 – John Pearson, English theologian (b. 1612)
- August 13 – Louis Maimbourg, French-born historian (b. 1610)
- October 26 – John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater, English politician (b. 1623)
- 11 November – Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, French general (b. 1621)
- 11 November – Otto von Guericke, German physicist and inventor (b. 1602), who is noted for the first air pump (1650) and creation of a vacuum (1654) using his Magdeburg Hemispheres.
- See also Category: 1686 deaths.
References
- ↑ Statement is made on folio 35 of the dedication of the Naometria to the Duke of Wurttemberg, repeated on folio 122. Cf. A.E. Waite, Brotherhood of the Rosy Cross, London, 1924, pp. 639 ff.