Makhachkala
| Makhachkala (English) Махачкала (Russian) МахIачхъала (Avar) Магьачкъала (Kumyk) |
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.svg.png) Location of the Republic of Dagestan in Russia |
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  Makhachkala
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Dagestan |
| Capital of | Republic of Dagestan |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Makhachkala Urban Okrug |
| City Head | Said Amirov |
| Representative body | City Duma |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 466.3 km2 (180.0 sq mi) |
| Population (2002 Census) | 462,412 inhabitants[1] |
| - Rank | 37th |
| - Density | 992 /km2 (2,570 /sq mi)[2] |
| Population (2007) | 620,500 inhabitants |
| Time zone | MSK/MSD (UTC+3/+4) |
| Founded | 15th century |
| Previous names | Petrovskoye (until 1857), Petrovsk-Port (until 1921) |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8722 |
| Official website | |
Makhachkala (Russian: Махачкала́, Avar: МахIачхъала, Kumyk: Магьачкъала, Mağaçqala) is a city in Russia, the capital of the Republic of Dagestan. It is located on the western shore of the Caspian Sea, at . Population: 462,412 (2002 Census).
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History
Makhachkala's historic predecessor was the town of Tarki, now a mere suburb, whose history goes back to the 15th century and possibly much earlier. The modern city of Makhachkala was founded in 1844 as a fortress; town status was granted in 1857. The original name of the city was Petrovskoye (Петро́вское)—after the Russian tsar Peter the Great who visited the region in 1722. However, among the locals it was known as Anzhi-Qala (A Fortress of Soil, Qala or Kala قلعه means Fortress in Persian, Turkic and Arabic). The city was renamed Petrovsk-Port (Петро́вск-Порт) in 1857, sometimes simply Petrovsk, and then Makhachkala in 1921. The city incurred major damage during the earthquake of May 14, 1970. It was shortly renamed as Shamilkala in 1920s and was occupied by Ottoman Empire between October 6, 1918 and November 17, 1918.[3]
In January 1919, during the Russian Civil War, the British based No. 221 Squadron Royal Air Force at Petrovsk. In March they were joined by No. 266 Squadron and both squadrons were involved in bombing operations against Bolshevik forces in Astrakhan and elsewhere. In August 1919 both squadrons were withdrawn from Petrovsk.[4]
City districts
Administratively, the city is divided into three city districts: Leninsky, Sovetsky, and Kirovsky.
Demographics
In 1994, the population of Makhachkala included: [1]
- 20% Avars
- 20% Russians
- 10% Dargins
- 50% others
According to another source, the population of Makhachkala included: [2]
- Avars (21%)
- Russians (18%)
- Kumyks (15%)
- Dargins (12.4%)
- Laks (12%)
- Lezgins (9.5%)
- Chechens (4.3%)
- Azeri (1.6%)
Transportation
The city is served by Uytash Airport.
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Makhachkala is twinned with:
Siping, China.
Spokane, United States.
Vladikavkaz, Russia.
Yalova, Turkey.
References
- ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_04_1.htm. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2002 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the Census (2002).
- ↑ http://www.bkd.org.tr/tavkul.asp
- ↑ Bowyer, Chaz (1988). RAF Operations 1918-1938. London: William Kimber. pp. 40, 41. ISBN 0718306716.
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