Saransk
| Saransk (English) Саранск (Russian) Саранош (Moksha) Саран ош (Erzya) |
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| — Inhabited locality — | |
 Kommunisticheskaya Street in Saransk |
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.svg.png) Location of the Republic of Mordovia in Russia |
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  Saransk
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| Holiday | June 12 |
| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Mordovia |
| Capital of | Republic of Mordovia |
| Municipal status (as of October 2008) | |
| Urban okrug | Saransk Urban Okrug |
| Head of Administration | Vladimir Sushkov |
| Representative body | Council of Deputies |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 71.5 km2 (27.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2002 Census) | 304,866 inhabitants[1] |
| - Rank | 62nd |
| - Density | 4,264 /km2 (11,040 /sq mi)[2] |
| Population (2008) | 295,338 inhabitants |
| Time zone | MSK/MSD (UTC+3/+4) |
| Founded | 1641 |
| Postal code(s) | 430000 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8342 |
| Official website | |
Saransk (Russian: Сара́нск; Moksha: Саранош; Erzya: Саран ош) is a city in central European Russia and the capital of the Republic of Mordovia. It is located in the Volga basin at the confluence of the Saranka and Insar Rivers, about 630 kilometers (391 mi) east of Moscow. Population: 304,866 (2002 Census);[1] 312,128 (1989 Census).[3] It is served by Saransk Airport and hosts the air base Lyambir. The population of Saransk comprises 34.3% of the total population of the Republic (as of the 2002 Census). Over 85% of the inhabitants are ethnic Russians, which moved to Saransk to form the work force to the giant size factories built to satisfy Soviet Union demands. The common language is Russian; the Mordvin languages are rarely heard in the streets. According to the published figures, the population is decreasing; a typical trend for smaller size provincial capitals when the importance of the Soviet era created large industrial factories have lost their importance in internal consumption markets due competition of imported goods from abroad.
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History
Saransk has many historic architectural sites stemming from its early settlement in 1641 as a Russian fortress Atemar named after nearby Mordvin village, for the southeastern border of Imperial Russia. Saransk (Literally; On the Sara River) become soon a torgovaya (market place) for nearby Erzya (Erzja) villagers. From year 1708 it belonged to Azov Province, then transferred to Kazan Governorate. In 1780 Saransk was placed under Penza Province. In 1928 Saransk become administrative center of Mordvin National Area (Ogrug) which received in 1930 the status of Mordovian Autonomous Region. Soviet planners reconstructed the old city center in the 1960s and 1970s, adding wide streets and planning the construction of massive residential areas.
Industry
Industrial activity in Saransk includes the production of electrical cables, chemicals, decorative cloth, food products; machine building, and metalworking. The city also has two thermal power stations. Saransk also has a train station (halt punkte without station building) since 1893, currently located on the Ruzayevka - Kazan rail route, and is located along a highway Nr.R 158.
The main factories are; AO Lisma, an old fashioned electric lamp factory, with nearly 12.000 employees, only half functioning now, AO Biohimik, a medicine factory making antibiotics, AO Rezinotehnika, manufacturing rubber products, and AO Saranskkabel manufacturing cables of different kinds. In addition, there is also AO Elekrtovypryamitel, manufacturing electronic components. This factory also produces Televisions on a small scale, however, cheap electronic imports have reduced demand for these products . AO Himzavod, a chemical factory, operating under lax Russian laws without any regard to pollution control
Transportation
Saransk municipal public transport is based on trolleybus lines in addition to diesel bus lines.
Up to October Revolution in 1917 Saransk was served by two daily Penza - Nizhny Novgorod pair of passenger trains, carrying passengers from nearby villages mainly to either Ruzayevka junction station and Penza or to Arzamas and Nizhny Novgorod.
Saransk Airport (Russian: Аэропорт Саранск) (IATA: SKX, ICAO: UWPS) is an airport in Russia located 7 km southeast of Saransk. It services small airliners, mainly Antonov An-24s. There is a single 300 x 195 m pad with 10 parking spaces.
There is one regular service to and from Moscow Domodevdo airport on weekdays. 977 Saransk to DME, departs 8:00, arrives 9:40 and 978 Moscow to Saransk, departs 20:40, arrives 22:20. Taxi's do not wait at the airport so if you need to be picked-up it must be booked in advance.
Religion
Saransk have three Orthodox Churches and also a small Lutheran Church provided by the Finnish Lutheran Church and opened in 2005.
ARchitecture
The town is full of Soviet era blocks, dating mainly from the 1960s, similar than in other provincial towns which expanded rapidly due fast industrialisation. The industrial enterprises are mainly located to the north of town center. The town needs in near future being to repaired as the average age of Soviet ere built blocks nears to the end without comprehensive repairing program and large investiments to improve the towns infrastructure. When arriving along the highway R 158 from north the appearance of Saransk is quite spectacle, it appears just like that from surrounding countryside imago with small villages from the middle of nowhere to scene of the first time visiter´s eyes. The eastern part of Saransk, located east of Sura River, is named Posop. One interesting small detail is the bases (Kasarma) of the armed troops of Ministry of Internal Affairs located along the railway lines, even nearby Saransk as a reminiscences of the Soviet era when Saransk was a practically closed town.
Saransk has several theaters: a drama theater (founded in 1961), a State Puppet Theater of the Republic of Mordovia, and a comedy theater. It also has a regional history museum and Mordovian Museum of Visual Arts, that has the most complete collection of Stepan Erzia's and Fedot Sychkov's works. The Mordovian State University (founded in 1957) is located in Saransk as well as several technical schools.
The Saransk TV Tower is a 180 metres tall guyed tubular steel mast built in 1961, which has 8 crossbars with gangways running in 2 levels from the mast structure to the guys.
Twin towns - Sister cities
Saransk is twinned with:[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_04_1.htm. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2002 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the Census (2002).
- ↑ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
- ↑ http://www.openworld.gov/article/print.php?id=96&lang=1
External links
- (Russian) Official website of Saransk city
- (Russian) Afisha of Saransk city
- (English) Saransk city streets views
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