1689
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century – 17th century – 18th century |
| Decades: | 1650s 1660s 1670s – 1680s – 1690s 1700s 1710s |
| Years: | 1686 1687 1688 – 1689 – 1690 1691 1692 |
| 1689 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology – Architecture – |
| Art – Literature – Music – Science |
| Leaders: State leaders – Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Births – Deaths – Works |
Year 1689 (MDCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).
Contents |
Events of 1689
January–June
March 2: Heidelberg Castle was burned.
- January 11 – Glorious Revolution: The Parliament of England declares King James II of England deposed.
- February 13 – William III and Mary II are proclaimed co-rulers of England, Scotland and Ireland.
- March 2 – Nine Years' War: As French forces leave, they set fire to Heidelberg Castle and the nearby town of Heidelberg.
- March – With French support, the former King James lands in Ireland, where there is a Catholic majority, hoping to use it as the base for a counter-coup. However, many Irish Catholics see him as an agent of Louis XIV of France and refuse to support him.
- April 11 – William III and Mary II are crowned as King and Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland. Ireland does not recognise them yet, while the Estates of Scotland declare King James VII of Scotland deposed.
- May 12 – Nine Years' War: with both now ruled by William III, England and the Netherlands join the League of Augsburg, thus escalating the conflict.
- May 24 – The Bill of Rights 1689 establishes constitutional monarchy in England but with Roman Catholics barred from the throne. Parliament also passes the Act of Toleration protecting Protestants with Roman Catholics intentionally excluded.
- May 25 – The last Hearth Tax is collected in England and Wales. It is abolished by William III of England.
- May 31 – Leisler's Rebellion – Calvinist Jacob Leisler deposes lieutenant governor Francis Nicholson and assumes control of the Province of New York.
July–December
| Gregorian calendar | 1689 MDCLXXXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2442 |
| Armenian calendar | 1138 ԹՎ ՌՃԼԸ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -155 – -154 |
| Bengali calendar | 1096 |
| Berber calendar | 2639 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2233 |
| Burmese calendar | 1051 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7197 – 7198 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊辰年十二月初十日 (4325/4385-12-10) — to —
己巳年十一月二十日(4326/4386-11-20) |
| Coptic calendar | 1405 – 1406 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1681 – 1682 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5449 – 5450 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Bikram Samwat | 1745 – 1746 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1611 – 1612 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4790 – 4791 |
| Holocene calendar | 11689 |
| Iranian calendar | 1067 – 1068 |
| Islamic calendar | 1100 – 1101 |
| Japanese calendar | Genroku 2 (元禄2年) |
| Korean calendar | 4022 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2232 |
- 27 July – Battle of Killiecrankie, near Pitlochry in Perthshire, is won by the Highland supporters of King James but their leader Viscount Dundee is killed and the Scottish rebellion fades away.
- 5 August – A force of 1,500 Iroquois attacks the village of Lachine, in New France.
- 12 August – Death of Innocent XI (Benedetto Odescalchi; 1611–1689), Pope since 1676. A man of integrity who has been described as the greatest Pope of the 17th century, he played a major part in founding both the League of Augsburg, against Louis XIV; and the Holy League, against the Ottoman Empire.
- 21 August – Battle of Dunkeld: English Orange Royalists defeat the Jacobite Royalists in Scotland.
- 27 August – China and Russia sign the Treaty of Nerchinsk.
- 6 October – Pope Alexander VIII succeeds Pope Innocent XI as the 241st pope.
- 22 November – The Tsar decrees the construction of the Great Siberian Road to China.
- 16 December – The English Bill of Rights is officially declared in force.
Undated
- Beginning of King William's War (1689–1697) which is the first of four North American Wars until 1763 between English and French colonists, both sides allied to Native American tribes. The nature of the fighting is a series of raids on each other's settlements across the Canadian and New England borders. The English capture Port Royal in Nova Scotia but otherwise there are no real territorial gains: each side would attack, destroy and withdraw.
- The British East India Company expands its influence with the establishment of administrative districts called presidencies in the Indian provinces of Bengal, Madras and Bombay, the effective beginning of the company's long rule in India.
- Supporters of William of Orange seize Liverpool Castle.
- Valvasor's The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola is printed in Nuremberg.
- Peter the Great takes full control over Russia.
- The Glorious Revolution ends.
Ongoing events
- Nine Years' War (1688–1697).
- Great Turkish War (1662–1699).
Births
- January 18 – Montesquieu, French writer (d. 1755)
- February 3 – Blas de Lezo, notorious almirant of the Spanish Empire
- April 2 – Arthur Dobbs, Irish politician and governor of the Province of North Carolina (d. 1765)
- April 14 – William Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine, second son of John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl
- May 24 – Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea, English lawyer (d. 1769)
- May 26 – Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, English writer (d. 1762)
- June 26 – Edward Holyoke, American President of Harvard University (d. 1769)
- July 9 – Alexis Piron, French writer (d. 1773)
- August 19 – Samuel Richardson, English writer (d. 1761)
- October 22 – King John V of Portugal (d. 1750)
- December 23 – Joseph Bodin de Boismortier, French composer (d. 1755)
- See also Category: 1689 births.
Deaths
- January 6 – Bishop Seth Ward, English mathematician and astronomer (b. 1617)
- March 18 – John Dixwell, English judge (b. 1607)
- April 16 – Aphra Behn, English author (b. 1640)
- April 18 – George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys, British Lord Chief Justice (b. 1648)
- April 19 – Queen Christina of Sweden (b. 1626)
- May 14 – Sambhaji, High Protector of the Maratha Empire (b. 1657)
- July 8 – Edward Wooster, English Connecticut pioneer (b. 1622)
- August 12 – Pope Innocent XI (b. 1611)
- August 21 – William Cleland, Scottish poet and soldier (b. c. 1661)
- November 26 – Marquard Gude, German archaeologist (b. 1635)
- December 6 – Pjetër Bogdani, Albanian priest and writer (b. c. 1630)
- December 29 – Thomas Sydenham, English physician (b. 1624)
- See also Category: 1689 deaths.