1800
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 17th century – 18th century – 19th century |
| Decades: | 1770s 1780s 1790s – 1800s – 1810s 1820s 1830s |
| Years: | 1797 1798 1799 – 1800 – 1801 1802 1803 |
| 1800 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology – Architecture – |
| Art – Literature (Poetry) – Music – Science |
| Sports – Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia – Canada – China – France – Germany – Ireland – Mexico – Netherlands – New Zealand – Norway – South Africa – Spain – UK – USA |
| Leaders: State leaders – Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Births – Deaths – Works |
Year 1800 (MDCCC) was an exceptional common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Sunday [1] of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, February 28 [O.S. February 17, 1800] 1800, but 12 days ahead since Saturday, March 1 [O.S. February 18, 1800] 1800.
Contents |
Events of 1800
- World population was nearing 1 billion people. The 1 billion milestone would not be reached until 2 years later, in 1802. The population distribution by region:
January–March
- February 13 – The Bank of France is founded
- March 14 – Cardinal Barnaba Chiaramonti succeeds Pius VI as Pius VII, the 251st pope.
- March 20 – Alessandro Volta describes his new invention, the voltaic pile, the first chemical battery, in a letter to the Royal Society.
April–June
- April – Voting begins in the United States presidential election, 1800; it will last until October. The result is not announced until February 1801.
- April 24 – The U.S. Library of Congress is founded.
- May 5 – Great Britain passes the Act of Union to join Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom (to take effect on 1 January 1801). The act is signed by King George III in August.
- May 15 – Napoleon Bonaparte crosses the Alps and invades Italy.
- June 2 – First smallpox vaccination is made in North America, at Trinity, Newfoundland.
- June 14 – Battle of Marengo: Napoleon defeats the Austrian troops near Marengo, Italy.
July–September
- September 5 – At the invitation of the Maltese, British troops liberate the Islands of Malta and Gozo from the French.
- September 30 – The Convention of 1800, or Treaty of Mortefontaine, is signed between France, Britain, and the United States of America, ending the Quasi-War.[3]
October–December
- November 1
- U.S. President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
- Middlebury College is granted its charter by the Vermont General Assembly.
- November 17 – The U.S. Congress holds its first Washington, D.C. session.
- December 3 – Battle of Hohenlinden: the French army defeats German troops.
- December 24
- An assault on Napoleon Bonaparte fails in Paris.
- Pierre Coudrin and Henriette Aymer de la Chevalerie found the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary in Paris.
Ongoing events
- French Revolutionary Wars (1792–1802)–Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign
- Napoleonic Wars (1799–1815)–Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1800 MDCCC |
| Ab urbe condita | 2553 |
| Armenian calendar | 1249 ԹՎ ՌՄԽԹ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -44 – -43 |
| Bengali calendar | 1207 |
| Berber calendar | 2750 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2344 |
| Burmese calendar | 1162 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7308 – 7309 |
| Chinese calendar | 己未年十二月初七日 (4436/4496-12-7) — to —
庚申年十一月十六日(4437/4497-11-16) |
| Coptic calendar | 1516 – 1517 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1792 – 1793 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5560 – 5561 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Bikram Samwat | 1856 – 1857 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1722 – 1723 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4901 – 4902 |
| Holocene calendar | 11800 |
| Iranian calendar | 1178 – 1179 |
| Islamic calendar | 1214 – 1215 |
| Japanese calendar | Kansei 12 (寛政12年) |
| Korean calendar | 4133 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2343 |
January–June
- January 1 – Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere (d. 1857)
- January 6 – Anna Maria Hall, Irish writer (d. 1881)
- January 7 – Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (d. 1874)
- January 11 – Anyos Jedlik, Hungarian physicist, the inventor of the Dynamo (d.1895)
- January 12 – George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon, English diplomat and statesman (d. 1870)
- January 14 – Ludwig von Köchel, Austrian musicologist (d. 1877)
- January 17 – Caleb Cushing, American statesman and diplomat (d. 1879)
- January 24 – Edwin Chadwick, English social reformer (d. 1890)
- January 26
- January 27 – John Evelyn Denison, 1st Viscount Ossington, English statesman (d. 1875)
- February 1 – Brian Houghton Hodgson, English civil servant (d. 1894)
- February 6 – Achille Devéria, French painter and lithographer (d. 1857)
- February 9
- February 11 – William Fox Talbot, English photographic pioneer (d. 1877)
- February 12 – John Edward Gray, British zoologist (d. 1875)
- February 23 – William Jardine, Scottish naturalist (d. 1874)
- February 26
- March 2 – Evgeny Baratynsky, Russian poet (d. 1844)
- March 3 – Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (d. 1862)
- March 4 – William Price, British physician and eccentric (d. 1893)
- March 12 – Louis Prosper Gachard, Belgian man of letters (d. 1885)
- March 13 – Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha, Turkish statesman and diplomat
- March 16 – Emperor Ninko of Japan (d. 1846)
- March 17 – Rudolf Ewald Stier, German Protestant churchman and mystic (d. 1862)
- March 20
- March 25
- March 28 – Johann Georg Wagler, German herpetologist (d. 1832)
- April 2 – Andrzej Artur Zamoyski, Polish nobleman (d. 1874)
- April 4 – Tokugawa Nariaki, Japanese daimyo of Mito (d. 1860)
- April 15 – James Clark Ross, British naval officer and explorer (d. 1862)
- April 16
- April 29 – Hiram Cronk, last surviving veteran of the War of 1812 (d. 1905)
- May 1 – James Black, creator of the original Bowie knife (d. 1870)
- May 4 – John McLeod Campbell, Scottish churchman (d. 1872)
- May 5 – Louis Christophe François Hachette, French publisher (d. 1864)
- May 6 – Roman Sanguszko, Polish noble (d. 1881)
- May 8 – Armand Carrel, French writer (d. 1836)
- May 9
- John Brown, American abolitionist (d. 1859)
- Samuel Carter Hall, English journalist (d. 1889)
- May 30 – Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach, German geometer (d. 1827)
- June 1 – Charles Fremantle, Royal Navy officer (d. 1869)
- June 2 – Nicholas P. Trist, secretary to Andrew Jackson (d. 1874)
- June 3 – Gustaw Potworowski, Polish activist (d. 1860)
- June 17 – William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, Irish astronomer (d. 1867)
- June 23 – Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and social activist (d. 1846)
- June 30 – Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (d. 1873)
Deaths
January–June
- January 1 – Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French Naturalist (b. 1716)
- January 6
- January 9 – Jean Étienne Championnet, French general (b.1762)
- January 13 – Dempsey Burges, Republican U.S. Congressman (b. 1751)
- January 20 – Thomas Mifflin, fifth President of the United States in Congress assembled under the Articles of Confederation (b. 1744)
- January 22 – George Steevens, English Shakespearean commentator (b. 1736)
- January 23 – Edward Rutledge, U.S. statesman (b. 1749)
- February 2 – James C. Jarvis, United States Navy officer (b. 1787)
- February 23 – Joseph Warton, English academic and literary critic (b. 1722)
- March – Joseph de Guignes, French orientalist (b. 1721)
- March 1 – John Hazelwood, officer in the Continental Navy (b. 1726)
- March 13 – Nana Phadnavis, Maratha statesman (b. 1742)
- March 14 – Daines Barrington, English naturalist (b. 1727)
- March 21 – William Blount, U.S. statesman (b. 1749)
- March 29 – Marc René, marquis de Montalembert, French military engineer and writer (b. 1714)
- April 13 – Kazimierz Poniatowski, Polish nobleman (b. 1721)
- April 25
- May 4 – Armand, duc d'Aiguillon (b. 1750)
- May 7 – Niccola Piccinni, Italian composer (b. 1728)
- May 18 – Alexander Suvorov, Count of Rymnik (b. 1729)
- May 23 – Henry Cort, English ironmaster (b. 1740)
- June 14
- June 20 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (b. 1719)
- June 24 – Charles Stewart, American revolutionary (b. 1729)
- June 28 – Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne, Grenadier officer in the French army (b. 1743)
- June 30 – Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney, British politician (b. 1732)
July–December
- July 14 – Lorenzo Mascheroni, Italian mathematician (b. 1750)
- July 18 – John Rutledge, governor of South Carolina (b. 1739)
- August 24 – Rawlins Lowndes, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1721)
- August 25 – Elizabeth Montagu, English literary critic (b. 1704)
- August 31 – John Blair, American politician (b. 1732)
- September 2 – Maciej Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (b. 1749)
- September 26 – William Billings, American choral composer (b. 1746)
- September 27 – William Gibbons, American lawyer and revolutionary (b. 1726)
- September 29 – Michael Denis, Austrian poet (b. 1729)
- October 4 – Johann Hermann, German physician and naturalist (b. 1738)
- October 10 – Gabriel Prosser, American slave revolutionary
- October 16 – Benjamin Huntington, American lawyer and politician (b. 1736)
- October 28 – Artemas Ward, American Major General in the American Revolutionary War and a Congressman from Massachusetts (b. 1727)
- November 5 – Jesse Ramsden, English astronomical instrument maker (b. 1735)
- November 14 – François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé, French general (b. 1739)
- November 30 – Charles Adams, second son of John Adams, the 2nd President of the United States (b. 1770)
- November 30 – Matthew Robinson, 2nd Baron Rokeby, English eccentric nobleman (b. 1712)
- December 7 – Wilhelm von Knyphausen, Hessian Lieutenant-General (b. 1716)
- December 17 – William Peery, American farmer and lawyer (b. 1743)
- December 26 – Mary Robinson, English poet (b. 1756)
- December 27 – Hugh Blair, Scottish Presbyterian preacher and man of letters (b. 1718)
- date unknown
Notes
- ↑ "Calendar in year 1800 (Russia)" (full Julian calendar), webpage: Julian-1800 (Russia used the Julian calendar until 1919).
- ↑ Roberts, J: "History of the World.". Penguin, 1994.
- ↑ "France - Convention of 1800 : Text of the Treaty". The Avalon Project. Yale Law School. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/fr1800.asp.