1838

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century – 19th century – 20th century
Decades:	1800s  1810s  1820s  – 1830s –  1840s  1850s  1860s
Years:	1835 1836 1837 – 1838 – 1839 1840 1841

1838 in topic:

Subjects:     Archaeology – Architecture –

Art – Literature (Poetry) – Music – Science

Sports – Rail Transport

Countries:     Australia – Canada – China – France – Germany – Ireland – Mexico – Netherlands – New Zealand – Norway – South Africa – Spain – UK – USA

Leaders:   State leaders – Colonial governors

Category: Establishments – Disestablishments

Births – Deaths – Works

Year 1838 (MDCCCXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

Contents 1 Events of 1838 1.1 January–June 1.2 Undated 2 Ongoing 3 Births 3.1 January–June 3.2 July–December 4 Deaths 4.1 January–June 4.2 July–December 5 Notes

Events of 1838

January–June

• January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London.
• April 8 – Regular Atlantic steamship service begins with the SS Great Western.
• April 30 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation (See Nicaragua's early history).
• May
  • The People's Charter is drawn up in the United Kingdom, demanding universal suffrage.
  • Lord Durham and his entourage arrive in Upper Canada to investigate the cause of the 1837 rebellion in that province. This leads to Durham submitting the Durham Report to Britain.
  • An insurrection breaks out in Tizimín, beginning the campaign for the independence of Yucatan from Mexico.
• May 26 – USA: The Cherokee Tribe is forcibly relocated in the Trail of Tears.
• May 28 – Braulio Carrillo is sworn in as Head of State of Costa Rica, thus beginning his second term in office.
• June 10 – 28 Aborigines are killed in the Myall Creek Massacre.
• September 7 – Grace Darling and her father rescue 13 survivors from the SS Forfarshire.
• October 1 – Supporters of Infante Carlos, Count of Molina, are victorious in the Battle of Maella during the First Carlist War.
• November 3 – The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce is founded (later renamed The Times of India in 1861).
• November 5 – The Central American Civil War begins with Honduras' separation from the Central American Federation.
• December – Pastry War: Mexico is invaded by French forces.

Undated

• Proteins are discovered by Jöns Jakob Berzelius.
• Friedrich Bessel makes the first accurate measurement of distance to a star.
• Women in Pitcairn are the first in the world to obtain and maintain the right to vote.^[1]
• Biblical criticism: Christian Hermann Weisse proposes the two-source hypothesis.
• Duke University is established in North Carolina.
• 40,000 chests of opium are sold in China.
• Chatsworth Head acquired by the 6th Duke of Devonshire at Smyrna from H.P. Borrell.

Ongoing

• War of the Confederation (1836–39)
• War of Tatters (1835–45)

Births

1838 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1838 MDCCCXXXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2591
Armenian calendar	1287 ԹՎ ՌՄՁԷ
Bahá'í calendar	-6 – -5
Bengali calendar	1245
Berber calendar	2788
Buddhist calendar	2382
Burmese calendar	1200
Byzantine calendar	7346 – 7347
Chinese calendar	丁酉年十二月初六日 (4474/4534-12-6) — to — 戊戌年十一月十五日 (4475/4535-11-15)
Coptic calendar	1554 – 1555
Ethiopian calendar	1830 – 1831
Hebrew calendar	5598 – 5599
Hindu calendars
- Bikram Samwat	1894 – 1895
- Shaka Samvat	1760 – 1761
- Kali Yuga	4939 – 4940
Holocene calendar	11838
Iranian calendar	1216 – 1217
Islamic calendar	1253 – 1254
Japanese calendar	Tenpō 9 (天保9年)
Korean calendar	4171
Thai solar calendar	2381

January–June

• January 4 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer and entertainer (d. 1883)
• January 6 – Max Bruch, German composer (d. 1920)
• January 16 – Franz Brentano, German philosopher and psychologist (d. 1917)
• February 6 – Henry Irving, English actor (d. 1905)
• February 10 – Gustav Oelwein, founder of Oelwein, Iowa (d. 1913)
• February 16 – Henry Brooks Adams, American historian (d. 1918)
• February 18 – Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1916)
• March 3 – George William Hill, American astronomer (d. 1914)
• March 11 – Ōkuma Shigenobu, Japanese politician (d. 1922)
• April 3 – John Willis Menard, African-American politician (d. 1893)
• April 12 – John Shaw Billings, M.D., American military and medical leader (d. 1913)
• April 16 – Martha McClellan Brown, American temperance movement leader (d. 1916)
• April 28 – Tobias Michael Carel Asser, Dutch jurist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1913)
• April 21 – John Muir, American ecologist (d. 1914)
• May 10 – John Wilkes Booth, American actor and assassin (d. 1865)
• May 20 – Jules Méline, French statesman (d. 1925)
• June 14 – Yamagata Aritomo, Japanese Prime Minister (d. 1922).

July–December

• July 8 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German military officer and founder of the Zeppelin Company (d. 1917)
• September 2 – Liliuokalani of Hawai'i, last Queen of Hawaii (d. 1917)
• September 27- Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Confederate brigadier general, Texas governor, and president of Texas A&M University (d. 1898)
• October 6 – Giuseppe Cesare Abba, Italian patriot and writer (d. 1910)
• October 25 – Georges Bizet, French composer (d. 1875)
• October 31 – King Luis I of Portugal (d. 1889)
• November 7 – Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French writer (d. 1889)
• November 20 – Hedvig Raa-Winterhjelm, pioneer actor (d. 1907)
• December 3 – Cleveland Abbe, American meteorologist (d. 1916)
• December 19 – Khedrup Gyatso, 11th Dalai Lama (d. 1856)
• December 20 – Edwin Abbott Abbott, theologian and author (d. 1926)
• December 30 – Émile Loubet, 7th President of France (d. 1929)
• Jamal-al-Din Afghani, teacher and writer (d. 1897)

Deaths

January–June

• January 3 – Prince Maximilian of Saxony (b. 1759)
• January 5 – Anthony Van Egmond, rebel leader in Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837 {died in jail}
• February 21 – Silvestre de Sacy, linguist (b. 1758)
• March 13 – Poul Martin Møller, philosopher (b. 1794)
• April 3 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician (b. 1780)
• April 6 – José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, Brazilian statesman and naturalist (b. 1763)
• April 9 – Piet Uys, Voortrekker leader (in battle) (b. 1797)
• May – Francisco Gómez, president of El Salvador (b. 1796)
• May 17 – Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, French diplomat (b. 1754)
• May 19 – Richard Colt Hoare, English archaeologist (b. 1758)
• June 14 – Maximilian von Montgelas, Bavarian statesman (b. 1759)

July–December

• July 19 – Christmas Evans, preacher (b. 1766)
• August 17 – Lorenzo Da Ponte, librettist for Mozart (b. 1749)
• August 21 – Adelbert von Chamisso, German writer (b. 1781)
• September 1 – William Clark, American explorer (b. 1770)
• September 27 – Bernard Courtois, French chemist (b. 1777)
• October 1 – Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and industrialist (b. 1768)
• October 3 – Black Hawk, Sauk Indian Chief and autobiographer (b. Saukenuk village - now Rock Island, Illinois 1767)
• November 21 – Georges Mouton, count of Lobau, Marshal of France (b. 1770)

Notes