August 28

August 28 is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 125 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna.
• 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way into Italy.
• 1189 – Third Crusade: the Crusaders begin the Siege of Acre under Guy of Lusignan
• 1349 – 6,000 Jews are killed in Mainz, accused of being the cause of the plague.
• 1511 – The Portuguese conquer Malacca.
• 1521 – The Ottoman Turks occupy Belgrade.
• 1542 – Turkish-Portuguese War (1538-1557) – Battle of Wofla: the Portuguese are scattered, their leader Christovão da Gama is captured and later executed.
• 1609 – Henry Hudson discovers Delaware Bay.
• 1619 – Ferdinand II is elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
• 1640 – Second Bishop's War: King Charles I's English army loses to a Scottish Covenanter force at the Battle of Newburn.
• 1789 – William Herschel discovers a new moon of Saturn.
• 1810 – Battle of Grand Port – the French accept the surrender of a British Navy fleet.
• 1830 – The Tom Thumb presages the first railway service in the United States.
• 1845 – The first issue of Scientific American magazine is published.
• 1849 – After a month-long siege, Venice, which had declared itself independent, surrenders to Austria.
• 1859 – A geomagnetic storm causes the Aurora Borealis to shine so brightly that it is seen clearly over parts of USA, Europe, and even as far away as Japan.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Battle of Second Manassas.
• 1867 – The United States takes possession of the, at this point unoccupied, Midway Atoll.
• 1879 – Cetshwayo, last king of the Zulus, is captured by the British.
• 1898 – Caleb Bradham renames his carbonated soft drink "Pepsi-Cola".
• 1901 – Silliman University is founded in the Philippines. The first American private school in the country.
• 1913 – Queen Wilhelmina opens the Peace Palace in The Hague.
• 1914 – World War I: the Royal Navy defeats the German fleet in the Battle of Heligoland Bight.
• 1914 – World War I: German troops conquer Namur.
• 1916 – World War I: Germany declares war on Romania.
• 1916 – World War I: Italy declares war on Germany.
• 1917 – Ten Suffragettes are arrested while picketing the White House.
• 1924 – The Georgian opposition stages the August Uprising against the Soviet Union.
• 1931 – France and Soviet Union sign a treaty of non-aggression.
• 1937 – Toyota Motors becomes an independent company.
• 1943 – World War II: in Denmark, a general strike against the Nazi occupation is started.
• 1944 – World War II: Marseille and Toulon are liberated.
• 1953 – Nippon Television broadcasts Japan's first television show, including its first TV advertisement.
• 1955 – Black teenager Emmett Till is murdered in Mississippi, galvanizing the nascent American Civil Rights Movement.
• 1961 – Motown releases what would be its first #1 hit, "Please Mr. Postman" by The Marvelettes.
• 1963 – March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: Martin Luther King, Jr. gives his I Have a Dream speech
• 1963 – Emily Hoffert and Janice Wylie are murdered in their Manhattan flat, prompting the events that would lead to the passing of the Miranda Rights.
• 1964 – The Philadelphia race riot begins.
• 1968 – Riots in Chicago, Illinois, during the Democratic National Convention.
• 1979 – An IRA bomb explodes on the Grand Place in Brussels.
• 1981 – The National Centers for Disease Control announce a high incidence of pneumocystis and Kaposi's sarcoma in gay men. These will soon be recognized as symptoms of an immune disorder, which will be called AIDS.
• 1986 – United States Navy officer Jerry A. Whitworth is sentenced to 365 years imprisonment for espionage for the Soviet Union.
• 1988 – Ramstein airshow disaster: three aircraft of the Frecce Tricolori demonstration team collide and the wreckage falls into the crowd. 75 are killed and 346 seriously injured.
• 1990 – Iraq declares Kuwait to be its newest province.
• 1990 – The Plainfield Tornado: an F5 tornado hits in Plainfield, Illinois, and Joliet, Illinois, killing 28 people.
• 1991 – Ukraine declares its independence from the Soviet Union.
• 1991 – Collapse of the Soviet Union – Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party.
• 1996 – Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales divorce.
• 1998 – Pakistan's National Assembly passes a constitutional amendment to make the "Qur'an and Sunnah" the "supreme law" but the bill is defeated in the Senate.
• 2003 – An electricity blackout cuts off power to around 500,000 people living in south east England and brings 60% of London's underground rail network to a halt.
• 2005 – Hurricane Katrina begins to make landfall in Louisiana and Mississippi in the afternoon, and brings the most severe damage to Slidell and New Orleans.

Births

• 1025 – Emperor Go-Reizei of Japan (d. 1068)
• 1582 – Taichang Emperor, of the Ming Dynasty of China (d. 1620)
• 1592 – George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1628)
• 1612 – Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn, Dutch scholar (d. 1653)
• 1667 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1721)
• 1691 – Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empire Empress (d. 1750)
• 1714 – Anthony Ulrich II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1774)
• 1749 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer and scientist (d. 1832)
• 1774 – Elizabeth Ann Seton, American-born Catholic saint (d. 1821)
• 1789 – Stéphanie de Beauharnais, Grand Duchess of Baden (d. 1860)
• 1801 – Antoine Augustin Cournot, French mathematician (d. 1877)
• 1814 – Sheridan le Fanu, Irish writer (d. 1873)
• 1827 – Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia (d. 1894)
• 1828 – Leo Tolstoy, Russian author (birthdate according to O.S.) (d. 1910)
• 1840 – Alexander Cameron Sim, Scottish merchant (d. 1900)
• 1853 – Vladimir Shukhov, Russian engineer and inventor (d. 1939)
• 1859 – Vittorio Sella, Italian photographer (d. 1943)
• 1867 – Umberto Giordano, Italian composer (d. 1948)
• 1878 – George Whipple, American doctor and Nobel laureate (d. 1976)
• 1884 – Peter Fraser, former Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1950)
• 1885 – Vance Palmer, Australian author (d. 1959)
• 1894 – Karl Böhm, Austrian conductor (d. 1981)
• 1898 – Charlie Grimm, American baseball player (d. 1983)
• 1899 – Charles Boyer, French actor (d. 1978)
• 1899 – Andrei Platonov, Russian writer (d. 1951)
• 1903 – Bruno Bettelheim, American psychologist (d. 1990)
• 1904 – Secondo Campini, Italian jet engine pioneer (d. 1980)
• 1905 – Cyril Walters, England cricketer (d. 1992)
• 1906 – John Betjeman, English poet (d. 1984)
• 1908 – Roger Tory Peterson, American ornithologist (d. 1996)
• 1910 – Tjalling Koopmans, Dutch-born economist Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985)
• 1911 – Joseph Luns, Dutch politician (d. 2002)
• 1913 – Robertson Davies, Canadian writer (d. 1995)
• 1913 – Jack Dreyfus, American entrepreneur (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Lindsay Hassett, Australian cricketer (d. 1993)
• 1913 – Boris Pahor, Slovenian writer
• 1913 – Terence Reese, British bridge player (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Richard Tucker, American tenor (d. 1975)
• 1915 – Max Robertson, British sports commentator (d. 2009)
• 1915 – Tasha Tudor, American illustrator (d. 2008)
• 1916 – Jack Vance, American author
• 1916 – Hélène Baillargeon, Quebec singer and folklorist (d. 1997)
• 1917 – Jack Kirby, American comic book artist (d. 1994)
• 1919 – Godfrey Hounsfield, English electrical engineer Nobel Laureate (d. 2004)
• 1921 – Fernando Fernán Gómez, Spanish actor, director, academic and playwright (d. 2007)
• 1921 – Nancy Kulp, American actress (d. 1991)
• 1924 – Janet Frame, New Zealand author (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Peggy Ryan, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Tony MacGibbon, New Zealand cricketer
• 1925 – Donald O'Connor, American singer, dancer, and actor (d. 2003)
• 1925 – Billy Grammer, American country music singer and guitarist
• 1928 – F. William Free, American advertising executive (d. 2003)
• 1929 – István Kertész, Hungarian conductor (d. 1973)
• 1929 – Ken Gampu, South African actor (d. 2003)
• 1930 – Windsor Davies, British actor
• 1930 – Ben Gazzara, American actor
• 1931 – John Shirley-Quirk, English bass-baritone
• 1931 – Tito Capobianco, Argentinian stage impresario and director
• 1932 – Andy Bathgate, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1935 – Gilles Rocheleau, French Canadian politician (d. 1998)
• 1936 – Don Denkinger, American baseball umpire
• 1938 – Paul Martin, Canadian politician
• 1938 – Maurizio Costanzo, Italian television journalist
• 1940 – Ken Jenkins, American actor
• 1940 – Roger Pingeon, French cylist
• 1940 – Nik Turner, English musician (Hawkwind)
• 1941 – Sybille de Selys Longchamps, Belgian aristocrat
• 1941 – Paul Plishka, American opera singer
• 1942 – Sterling Morrison, American guitarist (The Velvet Underground) (d. 1995)
• 1943 – David Soul, American actor
• 1943 – Lou Piniella, American baseball manager
• 1943 – Surayud Chulanont, Thai 24th Prime Minister (former)
• 1944 – Marianne Heemskerk, Dutch swimmer
• 1945 – Robert Greenwald, American film director/producer
• 1945 – Bob Segarini, American musician
• 1944 – Melvin Dummar, American claimant to the Howard Hughes estate
• 1947 – Liza Wang, Hong Kong actress
• 1947 – Shoto Tanemura, Japanese martial artist
• 1948 – Danny Seraphine, American musician (Chicago)
• 1948 – Murray Parker, New Zealand cricketer
• 1948 – Heather Reisman, Canadian businesswoman
• 1949 – Hugh Cornwell, British musician (The Stranglers)
• 1949 – Svetislav Pešić, Serbian basketball player and coach
• 1951 – Keiichi Suzuki, Japanese composer
• 1951 – Wayne Osmond, American singer (The Osmonds)
• 1952 – Rita Dove, American poet
• 1952 – Wendelin Wiedeking, German businessman
• 1952 – Guy Nadon, Canadian actor
• 1952 – Jacques Chagnon, Canadian politician
• 1954 – George Church, American geneticist
• 1956 – Luis Guzmán, Puerto Rican actor
• 1956 – Mark Lutz, Puerto Rican actor
• 1957 – Ivo Josipovic, President of Croatia
• 1957 – Daniel Stern, American actor
• 1957 – Rick Rossovich, American actor
• 1958 – Scott Hamilton, American figure skater
• 1960 – Emma Samms, English actress
• 1961 – Kim Appleby, English singer
• 1961 – Cliff Benson, American football player
• 1962 – Paul Allen, English footballer
• 1962 – David Fincher, American music video and film director
• 1963 – Jennifer Coolidge, American actress
• 1963 – Regina Jacobs, American athlete
• 1965 – Satoshi Tajiri, founder of Game Freak
• 1965 – Amanda Tapping, Canadian actress
• 1965 – Shania Twain, Canadian singer
• 1966 – Priya Dutt, Indian social worker and politician
• 1967 – Frederick Kesner, Philippine-born Australian poet
• 1968 – Billy Boyd, Scottish actor
• 1969 – Jason Priestley, Canadian-born actor
• 1969 – Jack Black, American actor
• 1969 – Mary McCartney, English photographer
• 1969 – Pierre Turgeon, French Canadian ice hockey player
• 1970 – Sherrié Austin, Australian actress/singer
• 1970 – Rick Recht, Jewish singer
• 1971 – Todd Eldredge, American figure skater
• 1971 – Janet Evans, American swimmer
• 1971 – Raul Marquez, Mexican-born American boxer
• 1971 – Shane Andrews, American baseball player
• 1972 – Jay Witasick, American baseball player
• 1972 – Ravindu Shah, Kenyan cricketer
• 1973 – Matthew John Armstrong, American actor
• 1973 – DJ Assault, American musician
• 1973 – Kirby Morrow, Canadian voice actor
• 1974 – Johan Andersson, Swedish game programmer
• 1974 – Carsten Jancker, German footballer
• 1974 – Takahito Eguchi, Japanese composer
• 1975 – Jamie Cureton, English footballer
• 1975 – Gareth Farrelly, Irish footballer
• 1975 – Vera Jordanova, Finnish actress and model
• 1976 – Federico Magallanes, Uruguayan footballer
• 1978 – Jess Margera, American drummer (CKY)
• 1979 – Robert Hoyzer, German football referee
• 1979 – Shaila Durcal, Spanish singer
• 1979 – Kristen Hughes, Australian netballer
• 1979 – Markus Pröll, German footballer
• 1979 – Ruth Riley, American basketball player
• 1980 – Carly Pope, Canadian actress
• 1981 – Martin Erat, Czech hockey player
• 1981 – Daniel Gygax, Swiss footballer
• 1981 – Agata Wróbel, Polish weightlifter
• 1981 – Raphael Matos, Brazilian racing driver
• 1982 – Anderson Silva de França, Brazilian footballer
• 1982 – LeAnn Rimes, American singer
• 1982 – Kevin McNaughton, Scottish footballer
• 1982 – Thiago Motta, Brazilian footballer
• 1983 – Lasith Malinga, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1983 – Alfonso Herrera, Mexican actor and singer (RBD)
• 1984 – Sarah Roemer, American actress and model
• 1986 – Gilad Shalit, Israeli soldier
• 1986 – Florence Welch, musician (Florence and the Machine)
• 1989 – Cassadee Pope, American Pop Musician (Hey Monday)
• 1990 – Bojan Krkić, Spanish footballer
• 1999 – Prince Nikolai of Denmark, Danish royalty

Deaths

• 388 – Magnus Maximus, Roman usurper
• 430 – Augustine of Hippo, North African saint and theologian (b. 354)
• 1341 – King Leo V of Armenia (b. 1309)
• 1481 – King Afonso V of Portugal (b. 1432)
• 1645 – Hugo Grotius, Dutch philosopher and writer (b. 1583)
• 1654 – Axel Oxenstierna, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden (b. 1583)
• 1678 – John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, English soldier (b. 1602)
• 1757 – David Hartley, English philosopher (b. 1705)
• 1784 – Junípero Serra, Spanish missionary (b. 1713)
• 1785 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (b. 1714)
• 1793 – Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine, French general (executed) (b. 1740)
• 1805 – Alexander Carlyle, Scottish church leader (b. 1722)
• 1818 – Jean Baptiste Pointe du Sable, founder of Chicago
• 1820 – Andrew Ellicott, American surveyor (b. 1754)
• 1839 – William Smith, English geologist (b. 1769)
• 1900 – Henry Sidgwick, English philosopher (b. 1838)
• 1903 – Frederick Law Olmsted, American landscape architect (b. 1822)
• 1933 – Helen Dunbar, American actress (b. 1863)
• 1943 – King Boris III of Bulgaria (b. 1894)
• 1947 – Manolete, Spanish bullfighter (b. 1917)
• 1955 – Emmett Till, American civil rights movement icon (b. 1941)
• 1959 – Bohuslav Martinů, Czech composer (b. 1890)
• 1965 – Giulio Racah, Israeli physicist (b. 1909)
• 1971 – Reuvein Margolies, Austrian-Hungarian-born Israeli author and Talmudic scholar (b. 1889)
• 1975 – Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor (b. 1907)
• 1976 – Anissa Jones, American actress (b. 1958)
• 1978 – Robert Shaw, English actor and writer (b. 1927)
• 1981 – Béla Guttman, Hungarian footballer (b. 1900)
• 1982 – Geoff Chubb, South African cricketer (b. 1911)
• 1985 – Ruth Gordon, American actress (b. 1896)
• 1987 – John Huston, American movie director (b. 1906)
• 1988 – Jean Marchand, French Canadian union leader and politician (b. 1918)
• 1990 – Willy Vandersteen, Belgian cartoonist (b. 1913)
• 1991 – Alekos Sakellarios, Greek writer and film director (b. 1913)
• 1993 – William Stafford, American poet (b. 1914)
• 1995 – Earl Bascom, American rodeo pioneer (b. 1906)
• 2003 – Brian Douglas Wells, American criminal (failed) (b. 1956)
• 2005 – Jacques Dufilho, French actor (b. 1914)
• 2005 – Esther Szekeres, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1910)
• 2005 – George Szekeres, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1911)
• 2006 – Benoît Sauvageau, French Canadian politician (b. 1963)
• 2006 – Melvin Schwartz, American physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Arthur Jones, American inventor of the Nautilus exercise machines (b. 1926)
• 2007 – Hilly Kristal, American musician (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Paul B. MacCready, Jr., American aeronautical engineer (b. 1925)
• 2007 – Antonio Puerta, Spanish footballer (b. 1984)
• 2007 – Francisco Umbral, Spanish journalist, novelist, biographer and essayist (b. 1935)
• 2007 – Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese-born American actress (b. 1929)
• 2007 – Nikola Nobilo, New Zealand winemaker (b. 1913)
• 2008 – Phil Hill, American race car driver and one-time F1 world champion (b. 1927)
• 2009 – Adam Goldstein, American DJ also known as DJ AM (b. 1973)
• 2010 – Dr. William P. Foster, notable band director and founder of the Marching 100 of Florida A&M University

Holidays and observances

• Assumption of Mary (Eastern Orthodox Church, a public holiday in the Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, and Georgia)
• Christian Feast Day:
  • Augustine of Hippo
  • August 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada